海水和淡水药用珍珠的无损鉴别
2021-08-12童银洪刘永
童银洪 刘永



摘 要:采用X荧光光谱仪对海水和淡水药用珍珠进行元素检测,通过比较其锶钙计数比,建立无损鉴别海水和淡水药用珍珠的方法。结果显示:海水和淡水药用珍珠的锶钙计数比差异明显,海水药用珍珠的锶钙计数比均在0.2以上,淡水药用珍珠的锶钙计数比均在0.2以下,锶钙计数比可以作为快速地无损鉴别海水和淡水药用珍珠的依据。
关键词:药用珍珠 X荧光光谱仪 无损鉴别
中图分类号:R282.5 文献标识码:A
Nondestructive Identification of Sea Water Medicine Pearl
and Fresh Water Medicine Pearl
TONG Yinhong, LIU Yong
(Pearl Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University,
Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524025, China)
Abstract:To set up a nondestructive identification method for identifying sea water medicine pearl and fresh water medicine pearl, the elements of pearls were examined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), and their Sr/Ca ratios were calculated and compared. Results: The Sr/Ca ratios of sea water medicine pearl and fresh water medicine pearl were over 0.2 and below 0.2, respectively, showing significant differences between them. Sea water medicine pearl and fresh water medicine pearl can be identified nondestructively and rapidly based on their Sr/Ca ratios.
Key words:Medicine pearl; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer; nondestructive identification
珍珠是傳统的中药材,具有安神定惊、明目消翳、解毒生肌、润肤祛斑之功效,主治惊悸失眠、惊风癫痫、目赤翳障、疮疡不敛和皮肤色斑[1]。药用珍珠是珍珠母贝(蚌)自然产出的无核珍珠,按照形成所在的水域不同,分为海水药用珍珠和淡水药用珍珠。海水和淡水药用珍珠的微量元素与氨基酸组成不同[2-3],功效存在差异,海水珍珠在对人体的药用方面优于淡水珍珠[4]。海水药用珍珠价格高出淡水药用珍珠价格的许多倍,但目前市场上药用珍珠商品较混乱,大多未标明是海水药用珍珠还是淡水药用珍珠,严重侵害了消费者的权益。
海水和淡水药用珍珠大多为白色、灰白色或浅黄色,形状不规则,珍珠光泽强,难以用肉眼区分开来。近年来珍珠鉴别是学术探讨的热点之一,不同学者提出了包括理化性状检测、钠镁钙的测定、氨基酸的测定、热相变动力学测定方解石含量等鉴别方法,但由于成本高或耗时多[5-6],这些难以得到实际应用。……
