欧阳萧晗 董立尧 张洋洋 李俊

摘要：为明确助剂安融乐、激健、红太阳A8、Prime与水稻田常用除草剂二氯喹啉酸、2甲4氯钠、嗪草酮协同使用的最佳增效剂量，评价筛选出具有最佳增效作用的助剂+除草剂协同组合，从而达到降低二氯喹啉酸、2甲4氯钠、嗪草酮用量并提高其毒力的目的。采用整株生物测定法测定不同助剂与3种药剂混用后对稗（Echinochloa crusgalli）、鳢肠（Eclipta prostrata）的毒力及对籼稻、粳稻的安全性。结果表明，安融乐、激健、红太阳A8、Prime与50%二氯喹啉酸WP、56% 2甲4氯钠SP、10%嗪草酮SC协同使用的最佳剂量分别为180、225、120、320 mL/hm2。4种助剂在最佳增效剂量下与3种药剂混用，均可显著降低二氯喹啉酸、嗪草酮对稗以及2甲4氯钠对鳢肠的ED90，且对籼稻、粳稻幼苗生长均安全。筛选得到3个可降低除草剂用量且对水稻安全的助剂+除草剂协同增效组合，分别为50%二氯喹啉酸WP 220 g a.i./hm2+红太阳A8 120 mL/hm2，10%嗪草酮SC 100 g a.i./hm2+红太阳A8 120 mL/hm2，56% 2甲4氯钠SP 672 g a.i./hm2+安融乐 180 mL/hm2。

关键词：二氯喹啉酸;2甲4氯钠;嗪草酮;助剂;减量增效

中图分类号：S451.2  文献标志码：A  文章编号：1003-935X（2021）01-0067-08

Abstract：To determine their optimal synergistic dose，four adjuvants，AnnGro，Jijian，Red Sun A8 and Prime，were mixed with common herbicides，quinclorac，MCPA-sodium and oxaziclomefone，and tested in rice fields to be able to reduce the application dose and increase the toxicity of the herbicides. The toxicities of the three herbicides mixed with 4 adjuvants on Echinochloa crusgalli and Eclipta prostrata and their selectivity to rice were determined by the whole plant bioassy. The optimal doses of AnnGro，Jijian，Red Sun A8 and Prime were 180 mL/hm2，225 mL/hm2，120 mL/hm2 and 320 mL/hm2 mixed with quinclorac 50% WP，MCPA-sodium 56% SP and oxaziclomefone 10% SC. The ED90 values of quinclorac and MCPA-sodium to E. crusgalli and that of oxaziclomefone to E. prostrata were significantly lower when adjuvants were added. The combinations were selective to indica and japonica rice seedings.Three herbicide-adjuvant combinations that allowed decreasing the field herbicide dose and provided a synergistic effect were identified：quinclorac 50% WP 220 g a.i./hm2+Red Sun A8 120 mL/hm2，oxaziclomefone 10% SC 100 g a.i./hm2+Red Sun A8 120 mL/hm2 and MCPA-sodium 56% SP 672 g a.i./hm2+AnnGro 180 mL/hm2.

Key words：quinclorac;MCPA-sodium;oxaziclomefone;adjuvant;decrement and synergism

目前化學除草仍然是控制稻田杂草的主要方法，但随着长期、大量、单一使用除草剂，稻田杂草抗药性日趋严重，同时也会导致农作物中的农药残留以及环境污染等问题[1]。如何降低化学除草剂用量并进一步提高除草效果，日益受到人们的重视。新型高活性除草剂的开发是解决以上问题的一种方法，然而开发新型药剂投资高、周期长、难度大，近10年尚未研发出新型作用机制的除草剂[2-3]。因此，合理优化现有除草剂的使用方法，提高除草活性，减少用药量就显得尤为重要。……