陈月阳 蔡靖萱 陈勇睿 邓维 冯建国 袁树忠

摘要：空心莲子草是一种在麦冬草坪中分布广泛、危害严重的多年生杂草，严重影响麦冬的生長与绿化功能。为了有效防除麦冬草坪中的空心莲子草，采用氯氟吡氧乙酸等6种茎叶处理剂开展空心莲子草化学防除试验。结果表明，6种除草剂处理对空心莲子草均有较好的防除效果。其中以200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 60 mL/667 m2 处理对空心莲子草防效最好，药后30 d的株防效达99%以上，药后40 d仍有92.83%;58%草甘·氯氟吡WP 150 g/667 m2处理次之，药后40 d的株防效仍达84.91%，药后30 d麦冬叶色饱和度与对照无显著差异，说明这2种药剂处理后的麦冬生长正常。39%草甘·三氯吡AS 200 mL/667 m2处理虽对空心莲子草防效较高，但对麦冬不安全，药后10～30 d，麦冬叶色明显黄化，药后30 d叶色饱和度小于40%。示范试验得到了一致的结果。因此，200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 60 mL/667 m2、58%草甘·氯氟吡WP 150 g/667 m2可安全地用于麦冬草坪防除空心莲子草。

关键词：麦冬草坪;空心莲子草;除草剂;防除效果;安全性

中图分类号：S451  文献标志码：A  文章编号：1003-935X（2021）01-0056-05

Abstract：Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb，a seriously harmful perennial weed，is widely distributed over Ophiopogon japonicus lawn，which seriously affects the growth and greening function of O. japonicus. To effectively control A. philoxeroides，the chemical control experiment was conducted with six foliage-applied herbicides such as fluroxypyr. The result showed that the six herbicides had good control efficacy on A. philoxeroides. Among them，the efficiency of fluroxypyr 200 g/L EC at 60 mL/667m2 was best. Its plant control efficacy was more than 99% applied 30 days and still achieved to 92.83% applied 40 days. The efficiency of glyphosate·fluroxypyr 58% WP at 150 g/667 m2 was second，with 84.91% applied 40 days. There was no significant difference on chroma（C*） of O. japonicus between the treatments and the control applied 30 days. Thus，O. japonicus grew normally applied the two herbicides.Glyphosate·triclopyr 39% AS at 200 mL/667 m2 was selectivity on A. philoxeroides，but not on O. japonicus. And the leaf color of O. japonicus was obviously yellow，and chroma was less than 40% applied 10～30 days. Similarly，the result of demonstration experiment was consistent. Therefore，fluroxypyr 200g/L EC at 60 mL/667 m2 and glyphosate·fluroxypyr 58% WP at 150 g/667 m2 was selectivity on O. japonicus to control A. philoxeroides.

Key words：Ophiopogon japonicas lawn;Alternanthera philoxeroides;herbicide;control efficacy;selectivity

草坪是城市植被的重要组成部分，不仅可以美化环境，还可以净化空气。随着城市建设的不断发展，城市中绿化草坪的面积越来越大。然而，在草坪种植过程中，杂草是影响草坪建植和养护的重要障碍之一。麦冬（Ophiopogon japonicus）属于百合科常绿草本植物，既喜阳又极耐阴，且耐旱、耐湿、耐寒，具有四季常绿、对生长环境要求低、养护成本低的优点[1]，因此近年来在城市绿化中被广泛利用。麦冬草坪中发生的杂草种类达100多种，如马唐、稗、黄鹌菜、反枝苋、铁苋菜等一年生杂草和狗牙根、双穗雀稗、香附子、空心莲子草等多年生杂草[2]。……