巢湖十五里河河流沉积物地球化学元素分布特征
2021-08-06张天然张平究杨艳芳张经纬
张天然 张平究 杨艳芳 张经纬



摘要 十五里河是巢湖流域污染最严重的城市河道,其河流沉积物中的地球化学元素对水体环境分析有重要意义。对十五里河沉积物进行采样,并对其沉积物中的化学元素分布特征进行分析,发现大部分元素的空间分布主要受到母质作用的影响,与河流上下游并无明显相关性;CaO、Nb等元素及化合物的分布特征受到河流作用影响;受人类活动污染和元素迁移性的影响,部分元素含量存在异常升高。
关键词 十五里河;沉积物;元素分布;河流作用;母质;人为活动
中图分类号 P595 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)13-0055-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.015
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Distribution Characteristics of Geochemical Elements in River Sediments of Shiwuli River in Chaohu Lake
ZHANG Tian ran1,2,ZHANG Ping jiu1,2,YANG Yan fang3 et al
(1.School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241003;2.Anhu Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Regional Response in the Yangtze Huaihe River Basin,Wuhu,Anhui 241003;3.School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241003)
Abstract The Shiwuli River is the most polluted urban river in the Chaohu Lake basin,and the geochemical elements in its river sediments are of great significance to the analysis of the water environment.In this paper,the sediment of Shiwuli River was sampled,and the distribution characteristics of the chemical element were analyzed.It was found that the spatial distribution of most elements was mainly affected by the action of parent material,and had no obvious correlation with the upper and lower reaches of the river;the distribution of elements such as CaO and Nb was affected by fluvial processes;the contents of some elements were abnormally increased due to the pollution of human activities and the migration of elements.
Key words Shiwuli River;Sediments;Element distribution;Fluvial process;Parent material;Human activities
地表徑流是重要的水资源,河水及沉积物中的地球化学元素是水体环境的重要衡量指标[1]。而地表径流产生的河流作用是一种自然力量与人类活动的综合作用,它会打破原来的地球化学元素分布特征,从而使地球化学元素产生新的分配形式[2]。即使一些元素的分布在河流水相中没有规律,但在沉积物中一些元素易得到积累,并呈现一定的规律[3]。水体沉积物是各元素的重要蓄积库[4]。与水体悬浮物相比,沉积物含量更高从而更有利于检测[5],故沉积物中各类元素的分布情况可反映所在流域的污染状况并为污染物来源的考证提供依据。
近年来沉积物中重金属元素分布与迁移等环境地球化学调查研究尤其受重视[6]。一般而言,在水体中,水相中的重金属及其他元素含量往往较少,且随机性大,分布一般无明显的规律性[7]。……
