王政 孟倩倩 孙世伟 李付鹏 刘爱勤 高圣风 苟亚峰

摘  要：通過室内选择性试验研究了茶角盲蝽（Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse）对26份可可种质果实的取食偏好性，以具有相对抗性差异的2-7和STS-17种质为材料，采用 HS-SPME/GC-MS鉴定分析上述2份特异种质果实挥发物的组分和含量，并利用“Y”型嗅觉仪测定了该虫对2份特异种质及其挥发物的行为反应。结果表明：室内选择性试验显示2-7种质表现出对茶角盲蝽相对易感，STS-17、BGL44-64和15-9种质表现出对该虫的相对抗性，其中STS-17果实上的取食斑数量最少。“Y”型选择试验显示茶角盲蝽对2-7种质的选择性显著高于STS-17，对STS-17和空白对照无选择性差异，进一步验证了二者的特异性。2-7和STS-17种质果实中共检测出6类18种挥发物，但二者挥发物组分与含量差异较大，二者共有成分为1-己醇、反-α-香柠檬烯和六甲基环三硅氧烷。茶角盲蝽对不同浓度的挥发物有不同趋性，β-石竹烯表现为在高浓度（100 mg/mL）下驱避、中浓度（10 mg/mL）下引诱、低浓度（1 mg/mL）下无影响;六甲基环三硅氧烷则在低浓度下有引诱作用;而丁酸顺式-3-己烯酯和八甲基环四硅氧烷在高浓度下驱避、其余浓度下无影响。综合分析认为，STS-17为茶角盲蝽相对抗性种质，2-7为相对易感种质，挥发物成分在茶角盲蝽寄主选择行为中具有导向作用。

关键词：茶角盲蝽;可可种质;挥发物;行为选择;相对抗性

Abstract： The feeding preference of Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse to 26 cocoa germplasms was assessed by the selective test in laboratory. Components and contents of volatiles of the two selected germplasms （2-7 and STS-17） with different resistance for H. theivora were analyzed by the headspace solid-phase micro extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The behavioral responses of H. theivora to the two germplasms and the volatiles were observed by the “Y” tube olfactometer test. The results showed that the germplasm 2-7 performed relative susceptibility to H. theivora. However， the germplasms STS-17， BGL44-64 and 15-9 pods showed relative resistance to H. theivora， among which the STS-17 was with the lowest feeding spots. The “Y” tube test indicated that H. theivora appeared more tendency to select germplasm 2-7 than germplasm STS-17 but no difference between germplasm STS-17 and control group， which also verified the specificity of the two germplasms. A total of 18 volatiles belonging to six types compounds were detected in the two cocoa germplasms of 2-7 and STS-17. However， the components and contents of volatiles in the two germplasms were significantly different， and the same components of the two germplasms were 1-hexanol， trans-α- bergamotene and hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane. H. theivora showed different tendency to different concentrations of volatile samples. To be specific， β-caryophyllene showed repellent effect on H. theivora at high concentration of 100 mg/mL， attractive effect at middle concentration of 10 mg/mL and no effect at low concentration of 1 mg/mL， respectively. Hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane showed an attractive effect just at low concentrations. Butanoic acid， （Z）-3-hexenyl ester and octamethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane showed repellent effect on H. theivora at high concentration， and no effect at other concentrations. According to the comprehensive analysis， STS-17 is a relative resistant germplasm of H. theivora， 2-7 is a relative susceptible germplasm， and volatile components play a guiding role in the host selection behavior of H. theivora.

Keywords： Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse; cocoa germplasm; volatile; behavioral selection; relative resistance

茶角盲蝽（Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse）属半翅目（Hemiptera）盲蝽科（Miridae），又名茶刺盲蝽、腰果角盲蝽，是多种热带作物的重要害虫，我国主要分布在海南、广东、广西、云南和台湾等热带地区。该虫寄主种类多，已报道的寄主植物超过60种，包括可可、茶叶、咖啡、香草兰和菠萝蜜等重要经济作物[1-2]。……