产胶植物蛋白质组研究进展
2021-08-06谢全亮于莉袁博轩张雪妍马骏骏王旭初
谢全亮 于莉 袁博轩 张雪妍 马骏骏 王旭初


摘 要:产胶植物合成的天然橡胶是一种聚异戊二烯高分子化合物,广泛用于民生、医疗和军事等领域,具有重要的经济价值和战略地位。天然橡胶主要是通过甲羟戊酸和甲基赤藓糖醇途径共同合成,其合成机制主要表现在蛋白质调控方面。本文综述了蛋白组学在产胶植物橡胶树、橡胶草、银胶菊和杜仲中天然橡胶生物合成调控的研究进展,归纳了天然橡胶生物合成过程中相关蛋白质可能的调控机制,为促进我国天然橡胶产业向多元化发展提供一定的潜在作用和建设性意见。
关键词:天然橡胶;巴西橡胶树;橡胶草;银胶菊;蛋白质组
Abstract: The natural rubber synthesized by rubber-producing plant is a polyisoprene high-molecular compound. It is widely used in the fields of peoples livelihood, medical treatment and military affairs, and has important economic value and strategic position. Natural rubber is mainly synthesized through mevalonate and methylerythritol pathways, and its synthesis mechanism is mainly manifested in protein regulation. In this paper, the research progress of proteomics in the regulation of natural rubber biosynthesis in rubber-producing plants Hevea brasiliensis, rubber grass rubber grass Taraxacum kok-saghy, the guayule Parthenium argentatum Gray and Eucommia ulmoides Oliver was reviewed. The possible mechanism of protein regulating natural rubber biosynthesis was summarized. Finally, we put forward several opinions, and it has certain potential roles and constructive suggestions on the diversified development of China's natural rubber industry in future.
Keywords: natural rubber; Hevea brasiliensis; Taraxacum kok-saghyz; Parthenium argentatum; proteomics
天然橡膠(顺式-1,4-聚异戊二烯)是天然高分子化合物,与合成橡胶相比有优良的抗撕裂、耐老化、回弹性、伸展性、较强金属粘合性和应变诱导结晶性能等。其制品遍及民生、交通运输业、医疗制品业、建材业、机械制造业、航天科技和国防军工业等领域,具有不可替代作用,所以天然橡胶具有重要的经济价值和战略意义[1]。巴西橡胶树是当前天然橡胶的主要来源,但由于叶枯病和人类对原始植地的破坏等原因,近些年全球天然橡胶的总产量约1200万~1400万t,已达到生产上限。我国是天然橡胶消费大国,但80%以上的天然橡胶依赖进口来满足,致使天然橡胶产业成为一种典型的资源约束型产业,一旦切断我国天然橡胶进口来源,橡胶产业形势不容乐观[2]。目前,仅通过提高橡胶树单产来提高我国天然橡胶产量进度十分缓慢,其策略也非常不符合现实,必须大胆开辟新的途径,寻找其他产胶作物来增加天然橡胶多元化来源,以缓解当前我国对进口天然橡胶的依赖。……
