杨朴丽 徐荣 杨焱 李海泉

摘  要：为了解诺丽抗寒生理特性，比较其抗寒能力，以4个诺丽（Morinda citrifolia L.）种质幼苗为试材，研究不同低温（25、12、9、6、3、0 ℃）及不同时间（1、3、5 d）胁迫对各种质幼苗叶片光合及叶绿素荧光参数等指标的影响，利用隶属函数法对4个诺丽种质耐寒能力进行评价。结果表明：（1）相同时间下随着胁迫温度的降低，4个诺丽种质幼苗叶片的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和电子传递速率（ETR）显著下降，而胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）和PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）则呈降-升-降趋势，不同处理间差异显著;（2）相同温度不同时间处理，除Ci外，各种质其余指标皆随胁迫时间的延长显著下降，6 ℃以下低温处理Ci含量随胁迫时间延长显著增加;（3）温度和时间产生交互作用，相同时间显示低温危害强度效应，相同低温显示低温危害累积效应，影响着各诺丽种质幼苗叶片的光合及荧光指标;（4）隶属函数综合评价结果表明，4个诺丽种质抗寒能力依次为‘NL004>‘NL003>‘NL001>‘NL002。综合分析表明，参試的4个诺丽种质中，‘NL004的抗寒适应性最强，‘NL002最弱，研究结果为诺丽抗寒栽培和育种提供参考。

关键词：诺丽;低温胁迫;光合作用;叶绿素荧光;抗寒能力评价

Abstract： The purpose of this study was to understand the physiological characteristics of cold resistance of Morinda citrifolia L.， and compare the cold resistance ability of different germplasms. Four seedlings of noni germplasms were used as the test materials to study the effects of low temperature （25， 12， 9， 6， 3， 0 ℃） and （1， 3， 5 d） stress on the leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters， and membership function method was used to evaluate the cold tolerance of the four seedlings of noni germplasms. With the decrease of stress temperature at the same time， the net photosynthetic rate （Pn）， stomatal conductance （Gs）， transpiration rate （Tr） and electron transfer rate （ETR） of the leaves of 4 noni germplasms seedlings decreased significantly， while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration （Ci）， PSⅡ potential activity （Fv/Fo） and PSⅡ maximum photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm） showed a downward-upward-downward trend， with significant differences among different treatments. With the treatments at the same temperature but different time， except Ci， other indexes of all germplasms decreased significantly with the extension of stress time. while Ci content increased significantly under 6 ℃ with the extension of stress time. The interaction between temperature and time showed the intensity effect of low temperature damage at the same time， and the accumulation effect of low temperature damage at the same low temperature， which affecting the photosynthesis and fluorescence indexes of seedling leaves of various noni germplasms. The comprehensive evaluation results of membership function showed that the cold resistance of 4 noni germplasms was ‘NL004 > ‘NL003 > ‘NL001 > ‘NL002. Comprehensive analysis showed that among the 4 tested noni germplasms， ‘NL004 had the strongest cold resistance adaptability and ‘NL002 was the weakest. The research results would provide references for cold-resistant cultivation and breeding of noni.

Keywords： Morinda citrifolia L.; low temperature stress; photosynthesis; chlorophyll fluorescence; cold tolerance evaluation

诺丽（Morinda citrifolia L.）属茜草科（Rubiaceae）巴戟天属（Morinda）植物，别名海巴戟、印桑葚、诺尼，是热带多年生常绿灌木或小乔木，其果实是典型的低钠、高钾食物，果汁可作为天然高能、无脂、低糖保健食品[1]。诺丽被波利尼西亚人作为民间药物已有2000多年的历史[2]，Heinicke[3]在诺丽中发现丰富的塞洛宁原，它会在人体的肠道内转化成赛诺宁，当身体处于亚健康状态或病态时，身体对赛洛宁的需求量会大大增加。众多研究表明……