徐志军 孔冉 苏俊波 周峰 张垂明 吴小丽 刘洋

摘  要：分离群体是进行作物遗传图谱构建、性状遗传研究、性状调控关键基因挖掘和种质资源创新利用的重要基础。本研究利用‘崖城94-46和‘新臺糖22号杂交获得了209个杂交单株，通过SSR标记鉴定真假杂种和剔除病死单株，获得了1个包含145个杂交后代的F1群体。F1群体主要农艺性状遗传变异分析表明，8个性状都存在双向超亲现象，变异系数范围为9.23%～56.78%，8个性状的频数分布均呈连续正态分布，均为由多基因控制的数量性状。相关分析和逐步回归分析表明，甘蔗丛重与株高、茎径和丛有效茎显著正相关，决定系数为0.92;丛糖含量主要由株高、茎径、锤度和丛有效茎4个因素决定，决定系数为0.94。研究结果为利用甘蔗F1群体开展遗传研究奠定基础，同时为甘蔗育种中重点选择性状确定提供参考。

关键词：甘蔗栽培种;F1群体;农艺性状;遗传变异

Abstract： Segregation population is an important basis for genetic linkage map construction， trait inheritance studying， key gene mining and germplasm resource innovated utilization. In this study， 209 seedlings derived from ‘Yacheng 94-46 and ‘ROC 22 were identified by SSR markers， and a F1 population were constructed containing 145 clones combined with filed evaluation. Traits genetic variation analysis of F1 population revealed that eight traits were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. The traits were transgressive segregation on both sides. The variation coefficients of the traits ranged from 9.23% to 56.78%， and the frequency distribution showed continuous normal distribution. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that sugarcane clump weight was positively correlated with plant height， stalk diameter and clump effective stalk number， with a determination coefficient of 0.92. And the content of sucrose was mainly determined by four factors including plant height， stalk diameter， brix and clump effective stalk number with a determination coefficient of 0.94. The results would lay a foundation for the genetic research on sugarcane F1 population and provide a reference for the determination of key selected traits in sugarcane breeding.

Keywords： cultivated sugarcane; F1 population; agronomic traits; genetic variation

甘蔗（Saccharum spp.）是我国重要的糖料作物，在我国热带和亚热带地区广泛种植，由甘蔗制取的蔗糖是我国人民食用蔗糖的主要来源（占90%以上）。甘蔗基因组约为10 Gb，基因组极其复杂，其基因组因具有异源多倍体、非整倍体的特性，而制约着甘蔗的基因组学、遗传学和重要功能基因的挖掘。随着分子生物学、数量遗传学和基因组学的发展，利用作物分离群体和分子标记技术进行遗传图谱构建和QTL定位，已广泛地应用于花生[1]、梨[2]、割手密[3]等多种基因组复杂或群体构建难度大的植物基因组研究、遗传进化和重要性状解析，为甘蔗的遗传研究提供了借鉴和参考。……