罗琳 黄学敏 陈晓悦 李龙 邢玥 林作栋 景诗梦 刘舒雅 彭东辉

摘  要：真菌诱导子可在一定程度上提高植物次生代谢物的积累，而白芨是一种具有极高经济价值和药用价值的药材。本文从野生寒兰的根中培养分离得到23种内生真菌，再制成真菌诱导子添加到自制的液体培养基中，将白芨种子放入该液体培养基进行无菌震荡培养，以研究真菌诱导子对白芨种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明，15号真菌诱导子能显著缩短白芨种子的萌发时间，而且其幼苗鲜重增长量是对照组的5.4倍，株高是对照组的3.7倍。经过鉴定，15号真菌属于多孔菌科（Polyporaceae）栓菌属（Trametes）的毛栓菌（Trametes hirsuta）。

关键词：内生真菌;毛栓菌;白芨;种子萌发;幼苗生长

Abstract： Fungal elicitor can increase the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants to a certain extent， and Bletilla striata is a medicinal material with extremely high economic and medicinal value. In this paper， 23 species of endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots of Cymbidium kanran. They were made into fungal elicitors and added to the self-made liquid medium. The seeds of B. striata were put into the liquid medium for aseptic shaking culture to study the effects of elicitors on seed germination and seedling growth of B striata. The results showed that the fungal elicitor of No. 15 significantly shortened the germination time of the seed of B. striata， and the fresh weight growth of its seedlings was 5.4 times that of the control group， and the plant height was 3.7 times that of the control group. No. 15 fungus was identified as Trametes hirsuta.

Keywords： endophytic fungus; Trametes hirsuta; Bletilla striata; seed germination; plant growth

內生真菌存在于植物体内但不引起植物组织病变，能与植物互利共生[1]。同时，内生真菌能帮助植物适应极端环境，抵御干旱或者重金属污染的非生物胁迫，例如在干旱环境时帮助植物吸收土壤水分和养分，增强其抗逆性等等生理功能[2-3]。然而与植物进行共培养时，生活的内生真菌会与植物争夺养分及次生代谢产物，造成植株幼苗被吞噬，引起植物的萎蔫、畸形和黄化，最终导致植物死亡[4]。研究发现内生真菌能够产生诱导植物细胞合成次生代谢产物的一类物质，即真菌诱导子，真菌诱导子能够启动信号转导途径，激活基因转录及表达，一定程度提高了关键酶活性，从而促进某些次生代谢物的生物合成，增强植株自身抗性，这也是提高植物次生代谢物积累最有效的手段之一[5-6]。……