康小燕 徐洪武 武云鹏 吴永朋

摘    要：為促进温室植物引种栽培、植物收集，对温室引种的16种棕榈科植物观赏性、适应性、生物学特性开展观测和记录，使用层次分析法（AHP）构建综合评价模型并进行综合评价。结果表明，耐寒性、成活率在引种棕榈科植物综合评价中占重要因素，抗病虫害、生长量等因素次之。引种的16种棕榈科植物中，蒲葵（Livistona chinensis）、美丽针葵（Phoenix tenuis）、银海枣（Phoenix sylvestris）、加纳利海枣（Phoenix canariensis）、老人葵（Coccothrinax crinita）等11种引种综合评价为一级，董棕（Caryota obtusa）、假槟榔（Archontophoenix alexandrae）、狐尾椰（Wodyetia bifurcata）引种综合评价为二级，酒瓶椰（Hyophorbe lagenicaulis）、槟榔（Areca catechu）2种引种引种综合评价为三级。本文所研究的大部分棕榈科植物在西安地区观光温室可正常生长。

关键词：层次分析法;棕榈科植物;引种综合评价

中图分类号： S792.91          文献标识码：A          DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.06.018

Comprehensive Evaluation on Introduction of Palmaceae in Xi'an Greenhouse Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

KANG Xiaoyan1，  XU Hongwu2，3，  WU Yunpeng4，  WU Yongpeng5，6

（1.Xi'an Fengdong modern urban agriculture development Limited Company，Xi'an， Shaanxi 710100， China; 2.Chizhou Vocational Technical College， Chizhou， Anhui 247000， China; 3.Chizhou Landscape Science and Technology Application Research Institute， Chizhou， Anhui 247000， China;4.Vegetable Research Institute， Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science & Technology Corporation Limited， Tianjin 300384， China. 5.Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources， Xi'an， Shaanxi， 710061， China. 6.Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province， Xi'an， Shaanxi， 710061， China）

Abstract： In order to promote the introduction， cultivation and collection of greenhouse plants， the ornamental， adaptive and biological characteristics of 16 Palmaceae introduced in greenhouse were observed and recorded. The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed and evaluated by using analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The results showed that cold tolerance and survival rate were important factors in the comprehensive evaluation of introduced Palmae plants， followed by disease and insect resistance and growth. Among the 16 introduced Palmae plants， 11 species， such as Livistona chinensis， Phoenix tenuis， Phoenix sylvestris， Phoenix canariensis and Cocothrinax crinita， the comprehensive evaluation of introduction was grade one.The comprehensive evaluation of the introduction of Caryota obtusa， Archontophoenix alexandrae and Wodyetia bifurcata was grade two，while the comprehensive evaluation of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis and Areca catechu was grade three. Most of the palms studied in this paper can grow normally in the sightseeing greenhouses in Xi'an.

Key words： analytic hierarchy process; Palmaceae; comprehensive evaluation of introduction

展览温室是收集、保护、利用植物资源的重要场所，通过温室展示多样植物有助于人们认识植物多样性及其生存环境[1]。我国自1980年发展温室至今，展览温室在国内迅速发展，其中以北京植物园、昆明世博园、上海辰山植物园、华南植物园为代表的展览温室面积大、引种植物多、观赏性强[2]。展览温室使北方居民一年四季都可以欣赏到南国风光，冬季户外寒风凌厉，温室里植物郁郁葱葱。通过展览温室收集植物资源、展示植物风采、增加植物的科普性，以植物多样性提高公众植物保护意识[3]。

棕榈科植物其优美的树型、独特的姿态，各类叶片、茎秆、花果极具观赏价值[4]，可营造浓烈的南方风情[5]。世界棕榈科植物主要分布于热带、亚热带及温暖带地区，共202属2 800种[6]，原产我国的18属89种。……