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我国农村废弃物的环境影响及解决路径

2021-07-16罗锦程张冰洁徐紫寅李淑媛

安徽农业科学 2021年11期

罗锦程 张冰洁 徐紫寅 李淑媛

摘要 强化农村地区废弃物监督管理,压实农村废弃物监管主体责任,是新时期农村环境管理的重要内容,是助推乡村振兴与走向绿色发展的必由之路和关键之举。针对当前我国农村废弃物的管理处置现状、农村废弃物的环境危害、典型农村废弃物的综合利用前景进行了分析归纳,并对此提出未来展望与建议:依法科学开展新农村环境管理、建立健全現代环境治理体系、强化政府调控职能、发展具有新时代中国特色的生态农业。

关键词 农村环境治理;农村废弃物;固体废物管理;生态文明建设;乡村振兴;绿色发展

中图分类号 F-323.22文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2021)11-0249-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.064

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Rural Wastes and Its Solutions in China

LUO Jin-cheng, ZHANG Bing-jie, XU Zi-yin et al

(Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100029)

Abstract Strengthening the supervision and management of waste in rural areas and consolidating the main responsibility of waste management in rural areas is an important part of rural environmental management in the new era as well as the inevitable way to promote rural revitalization and green development. This paper analyzed and summarized the current status of rural waste management and disposal in China, the environmental hazards of rural waste, and the comprehensive utilization prospects of rural waste. Future prospects and suggestions were made: scientifically implementing new rural environmental management according to law, establishing and improving modern environmental governance system, strengthening government regulation and control functions, developing ecological agriculture with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

Key words Rural environmental governance;Rural waste;Solid waste management;Ecological civilization construction;Rural revitalization;Green development

农村环境治理是我国生态环境保护战略的重要组成部分,同时也是全面建成小康社会的关键一环和突出短板。我国作为农业大国,农业在国民经济发展中占有不可忽视的地位,而农村环境质量则是保障全国人民菜篮子、米袋子、水缸子安全的“命根子”,一旦突破农村环境质量的底线,人民的健康与福祉将成为一纸空谈。随着农村经济的飞速发展和农民生活水平的显著提高,农村废弃物的产生量正在持续攀升,对农村造成的生态环境压力明显加大,成为阻碍广大农民实现日益增长的美好生活需要的藩篱。农村废弃物具有量大面广的特点,同时也具有两面性,用则利、弃则害,不做处理就是“污”,利用得当就是“宝”。实现农村废弃物的妥善处理利用是农村环境综合整治的重要突破口,能为建设生态宜居美丽乡村,满足农村居民日益增长的美好生活需要,高水平全面建成小康社会打下坚实基础[1]。……

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