APP下载

不同灌溉方式下水稻产量和节水减排效果分析

2021-07-16梁梅英粟世华刘圣锋吴昌智郭攀赵海雄

安徽农业科学 2021年12期

梁梅英 粟世华 刘圣锋 吴昌智 郭攀 赵海雄

摘要 2016—2019年对水稻开展不同灌溉方式的比较试验,研究不同灌溉方式下的节水减排效果和水稻产量。结果表明:结合不同灌溉方式下灌水量、排水量、灌水次数、水分利用率以及水稻产量等指标,可知间歇灌溉应用效果更好。间歇灌溉方式下早稻和晚稻的灌水量分别为(201.5±34.8)和(240.9±42.1)mm,水分生产率分别为1.35和1.38 kg/m3,产量分别为(6 189.0±373.5)和(6 409.0±682.5)kg/hm2。间歇灌溉结合70%化学肥料+30%菌肥的配比下,水稻产量更高。该研究结果可为水稻高效生产提供理论依据。

关键词 间歇灌溉;常规灌溉;薄浅湿晒灌溉;雨养灌溉;节水减排

中图分类号 S-274  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)12-0212-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.056

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Analysis of Rice Yield and Water Saving and Emission Reduction Effects under Different Irrigation Methods

LIANG Mei ying1, SU Shi hua1, LIU Sheng feng2 et al

(1.Guilin Irrigation Experiment Center Station, Guilin, Guangxi 541105;2. College of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang,Jiangxi 330013)

Abstract From 2016 to 2019, the comparison experiment on rice under different irrigation methods was conducted, so as to investigate the effects of water saving, emission reduction and rice yield under different irrigation methods.The results showed that the application effect of intermittent irrigation was better in combination with indicators such as irrigation volume, drainage volume, irrigation frequency, water use efficiency, and rice yield under different irrigation methods. The irrigation volume of intermittent irrigation technology for early rice and late rice were (201.5±34.8) and (240.9±42.1)mm respectively, the water productivity was 1.35 and 1.38 kg/m3 respectively, the rice yield was (6 189.0±373.5) and (6 409.0±682.5) kg/hm2  respectively.Under the ratio of intermittent irrigation combined with 70% chemical fertilizer and 30% bacterial fertilizer, rice yield was higher. The study results could provide the theoretical basis for efficient rice production.

Key words Intermittent irrigation;Conventional irrigation;Thin shallow wet dry irrigation;Rain fed irrigation;Water saving and emission reduction

水稻是我国主要的粮食作物之一,在我国南方水稻种植面积占全国水稻种植总面积的78.9%[1]。水稻是一种喜水作物,整个生育过程需要消耗大量的水[2]。近年来,随着城市化和工业化进程的加快,农业供水量受到一定程度的削减,但水稻作为一种重要的粮食作物,研究水稻的节水减排灌溉显得尤为重要。

目前,国内外学者对水稻灌溉技术的关注持续不减。从20世纪六七十年代开始,我国水稻的灌溉方式逐步由深水灌溉向浅水灌溉过渡,出现了“薄、浅、湿、晒”、蓄雨型灌溉、间歇淹水灌溉、“半旱栽培”灌溉等模式[3-6]。笔者研究了常规灌溉、薄浅湿晒、间歇灌溉和雨养灌溉4种不同灌溉方式对水稻产量及节水减排效果的影响。

1 材料与方法

1.1 研究区概况

试验于2016—2019年在桂林市农田灌溉……

登录APP查看全文