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稻虾共作模式下水稻二化螟绿色综合防控技术措施

2021-07-16缪新伟朱国美凌武海赵怀瑾查明方

安徽农业科学 2021年12期

缪新伟 朱国美 凌武海 赵怀瑾 查明方

摘要 探讨了适合稻虾共作条件下水稻二化螟绿色综合防控技术,主要采取冬前虾田深灌灭二化螟、推迟水稻播期避二化螟、种植香根草诱集二化螟、种植显花植物保护天敌、杀虫灯诱杀二化螟、性诱设备诱杀二化螟、科学使用生物农药等技术措施,使虾田水稻生产中二化螟虫口密度低于防治指标,达到减少农药使用又能控制虫害的要求,同时也保护稻田小龙虾质量安全。

关键词 稻虾共作;二化螟;绿色综合防控技术

中图分类号 S-433.4  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)12-0163-02

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.041

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Green Comprehensive Control Technical Measures of  Rice Chilo  suppressalis under the Continuous Cropping Mode of Rice Shrimp

MIAO Xin wei,ZHU Guo mei,LING  Wu hai et al (Chuzhou Technology Extension Center of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Chuzhou,Anhui 239000)

Abstract The comprehensive green control measures of rice Chilo suppressalis suitable for continuous cropping of rice and shrimp were studied and discussed in this paper, the technical measures of destroying Chilo suppressalis in shrimp field with deep irrigation before winter, delaying sowing time of rice to avoid Chilo suppressalis, planting vetiver grass to induce Chilo suppressalis,planting flower filled plants to protect natural enemies,luring Chilo suppressalis with solar lamp,luring Chilo suppressalis with sex pheromones trap,scientific use of biological pesticides were adopted,the population density of Chilo suppressalis was lower than the control index in shrimp field, to reduce the use of pesticides and control pest,protect the quality and safety of crayfish in field.

Key words Rice and shrimp continuous cropping;Chilo suppressalis;Green comprehensive control technical

滁州市地處江淮之间,农业资源丰富,耕地面积71.59万hm2,常年水稻种植面积41.5万hm2,盛产水稻、小麦、芡实、小龙虾等多种农产品,是长江北岸著名的鱼米之乡。2006年起,滁州市加快农业结构不断转型升级的步伐,将农业种植与水产养殖相结合,发展稻田养虾、稻田养鱼等绿色发展新模式,保障稻米品质、粮食稳产,提高农民增收、农业增效,保护农业生态环境安全。按照“政府引导、市场推动、示范带动、效益驱动”的发展思路,大力推广“稻虾共作”综合种养模式,截至2020年5月,稻虾共作综合种养面积5.7万hm2,示范基地面积达2.9万hm2,创建2个国家级稻虾共作综合种养示范区,3个省级稻虾共作综合种养示范区,创建百亩、千亩、万亩示范点分别达1731、53、5个。稻虾共作综合种养新模式下,基本实现小龙虾产量1 492.5~2 238.8 kg/hm2,水稻产量8 208.9 kg/hm2,平均稻田可净增收1.49万元/hm2以上,高的达5.97万元/hm2以上,是传统水稻种植纯效益的4~10倍,已成为滁州实施乡村振兴的一项重要富民产业。……

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