李欣雨 陈家乐 焦敏 蒋蒙 周伟奇

摘要 [目的]通過调查西安三环路内居民区植被分布特征，为同类城市绿地空间合理布局提供参考。[方法]采用地理网格法对西安市三环路内的78个居民点进行了调查。在总体和区域尺度上，对植物种类、优势科属、应用频度、树种配置及树种丰富度等进行调查评估。[结果]树种丰富度8.78、多样性5.11、均匀度0.71、单调度0.06。树种聚集性明显，整体林龄较小，乔-灌-草群落占明显优势。乡土/外地、常绿/落叶、观赏/非观赏配置分别为1∶0.38、1∶3.84和1∶0.49。一至三环区从中心往外树种丰富度和数量逐渐增加，以乡土树种为主，外来树种所占比例逐渐增加，树木胸径呈降低趋势。[结论]建议应考虑树种的多样性及协调性，加强整个城市的树种配置，重视对一二环居民区配套绿化的更新，加大对三环区小树的管理和养护，发挥其改善环境的潜力。

关键词 居民区;树种配置;植被多样性特征;空间分布;西安市

中图分类号 S-731.5  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）12-0121-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.030

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on the Overall and Regional Vegetation Characteristics of the Resident affiliated Green Space within the Third Ring Road of Xian City

LI Xin yu1，CHEN Jia le1，JIAO Min2 et al （1.College of Resources and Environment，Northwest A&F University/Northwest Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agricultural Environment，Ministry of Agriculture，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100; 2.State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology，Research Center for Eco environmental Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100085）

Abstract [Objective]To reveal the vegetation distribution characteristics of the resident affiliated green space within Third Ring Road of Xian，and provide reference for the greenspace planning and management of similar cities.[Method]The geographical grid method was conducted to select 78 residential sites within the Third Ring Road in Xian City.Based on the overall and the regional scale，the plant species，dominant families and genera，application frequency，tree species allocation and tree species richness of resident affiliated green space was surveyed and evaluated.[Result]For the whole city，the richness of tree species was 8.78，the diversity was 5.11，the evenness was 0.71，and the single regulation was 0.06.The aggregation of tree species was obvious and the overall age of trees was young.For the vertical structure，the arbor shrub grass community accounted most.And the ratios of native/exotic，evergreen/deciduous，and ornamental/non viewing were 1∶0.38，1∶3.84，and 1∶0.49，respectively.From the city center to outside，that is from first to third region，the tree species richness and trees amount increased gradually.Although all three regions were dominated by native trees，the proportion of exotic trees gradually increased.While the diameter at breast height （DBH） of trees showed an opposite trend.[Conclusion]For the whole city，we suggested that the diversity and coordination of tree species should be fully considered，and the allocation and maintenance of trees should be strengthened.For the first and second ring region，more attention should be payed to update the greenspace of the residential areas.For the third ring region，the management of greenspace should be strengthened to promote the growth of small trees and play their potential to improve the environment.

Key words Residential area;Tree species allocation;Vegetation diversity characteristics;Spatial distribution;Xian City

城市是人类活动高度集中的地域，也是环境质量急剧下降、生态失衡最为严重的地方，主要表现在植物种类缺乏、结构简单、生态效益和社会效益处于弱势[1]。居住区绿地是城市绿地重要的组成部分，一般占城市总用地面积的35%左右，且居民約50%以上的时间是在居民区内度过，其绿化水平的高低直接影响着整个城市的生态环境及人们的生存质量[2-3]。

在21世纪，人类对居民区绿化环境的要求已不再局限于“量”的增加，而是在“质”的方面提出了更高要求，更加注重植物的配置与造景，充分发挥植物的生物多样性特性[4]。……