刘建海 赵国生 王艺林 范菊萍 郭彩霞 赵玉红

摘要 以张掖市文冠果省级林木良种基地营建为例，通过对文冠果良种基地营建的必要性、基地选址、功能区划、种质资源收集区、种子生产区、良种繁育区、良种示范区的营建和采取的技术措施进行整理归纳，系统地阐述了良种基地的营建技术和方法。张掖市文冠果林木良种基地的建成不但加速了文冠果在甘肃河西地区良种化进程和大面积的推广，而且为文冠果良种基地营建及生产良种提供了理论依据和材料。

关键词 河西地区;文冠果;良种基地;营建技术

中图分类号 S-722  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）11-0112-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.031

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

The Construction and Management Technology of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Forest Tree Fine Variety Base in Hexi Area of Gansu Province—Taking the Provincial Xanthoceras sorbifolia Forest Tree Fine Variety Base in Zhangye City as an Example

LIU Jian-hai1，2，ZHAO Guo-sheng1，3，WANG Yi-lin1，3 et al

（1.Academy of Water Resource Conservation Forests of Qilian Mountains in Gansu Province，Zhangye，Gansu 734000;2.Provincial Xanthoceras sorbifolia Forest Tree Fine Variety Base in Zhangye City，Zhangye，Gansu 734000;3.Academy of Ecology Science of Zhangye，Zhangye，Gansu 734000）

Abstract Taking the construction and management techniques of provincial Xanthoceras sorbifolia forest tree fine variety base in Zhangye City as an example， by organizing and summarizing the necessity of construction，base site selection， functional zoning， seed qualification source collection area， seed production area， fine variety area， and fine variety demonstration area and technical measures adopted for the construction of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia fine variety base， systematically explained the construction technology and method of the fine variety base. The establishment of the provincial Xanthoceras sorbifolia forest tree fine variety base in Zhangye City has not only accelerated the process of improved varieties of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and the promotion of large areas in Hexi Area， but also provided theoretical basis and materials for the construction and production of Xanthoceras sorbifolia fine variety base.

Key words Hexi Area;Xanthoceras sorbifolia;Fine variety base;Construction and management techniques

林木良種基地是优良种质资源收集保存及林木良种选育的场所，是目前我国林木良种生产供应的主体，是国家重点投入的林木种苗工程项目之一[1]。林木良种基地也是为各项生态环境建设和城镇绿化工程提供优良繁殖、种植材料的场所，其生产能力直接关系到造林绿化的良种使用率。加强林木良种基地的建设，对提高林木良种生产水平，促进林地生产增收具有重要意义。

文冠果（Xanthoceras sorbifolia）为无患子科文冠果属，是中国特有的一种珍稀木本油料植物，根深叶茂，具有喜光耐旱、耐贫瘠、抗风沙、适应性强等特征，是适合在河西干旱半干旱区种植的先锋树种之一[2]。文冠果多分布于我国东北、华北地区，西北地区仅有零星分布。文冠果具有较高的生态价值、经济价值和药用价值，作为近年来具有发展潜力的生物能源树种，受到了人们的广泛关注[3-5]。……