安徽黄山九龙峰自然保护区天蛾科昆虫多样性及区系分析
2021-07-16陆德才许振邦李琪张浩黄羿鑫王旭
陆德才 许振邦 李琪 张浩 黄羿鑫 王旭



摘要 基于安徽黄山九龙峰自然保护区天蛾科昆虫的资源调查情况,系统整理了该保护区的天蛾科名录,并进行了区系分析。共记录了天蛾科昆虫22种,隶属3亚科4族16属,其中长喙天蛾亚科14种,占总种数的63%;目天蛾亚科6种,占总种数的27%;天蛾亚科2种,占总种数的10%。其中,发现安徽省新纪录种3种,即喜马锤天蛾(Neogurelca himachala (Butler,1876)),灰纹长喙天蛾 (Macroglossum neotroglodytus Kitching & Cadiou,2000) 和灰天蛾 (Griseosphinx preechari Cadiou & Kitching,1990)。
关键词 九龙峰自然保护区;天蛾科;新纪录;区系;名录
中图分类号 Q-968 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)12-0088-06
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.023
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Diversity and Fauna Analysis of Sphingidae in Jiulongfeng Nature Reserve of Huangshan City in Anhui Province
LU De cai1,XU Zhen bang2,LI Qi3 et al (1.Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources,College of Life Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241000;2.Institute of Resource Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500;3.Lümanjianghuai Nature Reserve Center in Huangshan District,Huangshan City,Huangshan,Anhui 245000)
Abstract Based on the investigation of Sphingidae resources in Jiulongfeng Nature Reserve of Huangshan City,Anhui Province,the list of Sphingidae in the reserve was systematically compiled,and the floral analysis was made.22 species of Sphingidae were recorded,which belonged to 16 genera in 4 tribes of 3 subfamilies.There were 14 species in Macroglossinae,6 species in Smerinthinae and 2 species in Sphinginae,accounting for total species number 63%,27% and 10% respectively.Three species were reported as new records in Anhui Province,including Neogurelca himachala (Butler,1876),Macroglossum neotroglodytus Kitching & Cadiou,2000 and Griseosphinx preechari Cadiou & Kitching,1990.
Key words Jiulongfeng Nature Reserve;Sphingidae;New record;Fauna;List
天蛾科 (Sphingidae)隶属鳞翅目 (Lepidoptera),因其体型较大,前翅狭长,后翅呈三角状,复眼较大,胸部粗壮,腹部末端尖,触角端部较细而弯曲与其他蛾类较易区分[1]。全世界已知天蛾科昆虫约1 400多种,中国分布有256种。我国对天蛾科的研究起步相对较晚,目前较为全面系统的资料包括《中国动物志》和《中国天蛾科(鳞翅目)分类学修订》[2-3]。
部分天蛾科幼虫可危害林木、果树、蔬菜、牧草等,且常造成暴发性灾害[2]。比如,豆天蛾危害大豆,一般可导致减产20%~30%,严重减产60%;沙枣白眉天蛾 (Celerio hippophaes (Esper,1934)) 与蓝目天蛾 (Smerithus planus Walker,1856) 大發生时,沙枣可被全部吃秃;葡萄天蛾 (Ampelophaga rubiginosa Bremer et Grey,1853),其幼虫取食叶片,造成缺刻和孔洞,严重时仅残留叶柄和部分粗脉等[4];芋双线天蛾 Theretra oldenlandiae (Fabricius,1775)),其幼虫危害水芋、葡萄、魔芋等经济作物以及凤仙花、长春花、地锦、鸡冠花、三色堇、大丽花等多种花卉,其繁殖能力极强,危害性较大[5];黄淮地区“三蛾”问题一直比较严重,三蛾指的是白薯天蛾 (Herse convolvuli (Linnaeus,1759))、豆天蛾 (Clanis bilineata (Mell,1922)) 和斜纹夜蛾 (Prodenia litura Fabricius,1775),这3种蛾子造成的危害一直是安徽省农业生产上的重要难题,其中2种属于天蛾科昆虫。……
