密度对玉米新品种漯玉16产量及主要农艺性状的影响
2021-07-16王蕊付家锋刘康柳家友吴伟华闫海霞李腾姚晓丹
王蕊 付家锋 刘康 柳家友 吴伟华 闫海霞 李腾 姚晓丹



摘要 为了明确玉米新品种漯玉16的最佳种植密度,研究密度对其叶面积、产量和主要农艺性状的影响。结果显示,随着种植密度的增加,漯玉16的株高、穗位高和棒三葉叶面积先增加后降低,茎粗先减少后略有增加。穗长逐渐变短,穗粗减小,秃尖长和空秆率显著增加,穗粒数和百粒重显著降低。抽雄期、吐丝期和成熟期均有推后,生育期延长。综上所述,玉米新品种漯玉16在种植密度为7.5万株/hm2 时,株高和穗位适中,产量最高。
关键词 漯玉16;密度;产量;农艺性状
中图分类号 S-513 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)12-0031-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.009
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Main Agronomic Characteristics of New Maize Variety Luoyu 16
WANG Rui,FU Jia feng,LIU Kang et al (Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe, Henan 462300)
Abstract In order to determine the optimum planting density of new maize variety Luoyu 16,the effects of planting density on leaf area, yield and main agronomic characteristics of Luoyu 16 were evaluated. The results indicated that the plant height, ear height and three ear leaves of Luoyu 16 increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting density,the stem diameter decreased firstly and then increased slightly. With the increase of planting density,the ear length became short,the ear diameter decreased,the barren ear tip and blank stem rate increased significantly,the decreasing amplitude of the number of grain per ear and 100-grain weight decreased significantly. The stage of tasseling, silking and maturity were delayed, the growth period were prolonged. In summary,with moderate plant height and ear height, the plants of new maize variety Luoyu 16 in 7.50×104 plants / hm2 obtained the highest yield.
Key words Luoyu 16;Density;Yield;Agronomic characteristics
玉米作为我国重要的粮食作物,同时也是重要的饲料和工业原料,在我国的种植面积和产量均为首位[1]。密度是影响玉米产量的重要因素之一,也是决定玉米生理性状的主要因素,增加种植密度是目前玉米增产的关键措施[2-5]。前人研究表明,在一定范围内干物质产量随着种植密度的增加而呈比例增加,但密度增加到一定水平后,逐渐降低[6-8]。研究认为,玉米产量和密度的关系呈典型的抛物线变化。柳家友等[9]研究表明,不同种植密度下,玉米的总叶片面积,尤其是棒三叶叶面积的增加对玉米产量的影响较大。杨利华等[10]研究表明,不同种植密度对产量的影响在不同的品种间也存在差异。漯玉16于2019年通过国家审定(国审玉20190309),笔者以漯玉16为试验材料,通过综合分析不同种植密度对棒三叶叶面积、产量及主要农艺性状的影响,筛选出其高产稳产最适的栽培密度,为玉米新品种漯玉16的大田种植和推广提供理论指导。……
