曾平　　范楚平　　唐迎远　　张峰华

[关键词] 小儿腺病毒肺炎;干扰素;雾化;安全性;炎症因子

[中图分类号] R563.1          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）14-0076-04

Efficacy and safety of interferon atomization in children with adenovirus pneumonia

ZENG Ping   FAN Chuping   TANG Yingyuan   ZHANG Fenghua

Department of Children′s Respiration， the  First People′s Hospital of Chenzhou City in Hu′nan Province， Chenzhou 423000， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect and safety of interferon atomization therapy for children with adenovirus pneumonia. Methods A total of 68 children with adenovirus pneumonia in our hospital from April 2018 to April 2020 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， with 34 cases in each group. The control group was treated with ribavirin， the observation group was treated with interferon atomization. The total effective rate， disappearance time of symptoms （cough， fever， expectoration and pulmonary rales）， blood gas analysis indexes [partial pressure of oxygen （PaO2） and partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PaCO2）]， inflammatory factors [procalcitonin （PCT）， tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， C-reactive protein （CRP）] and the total incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate was 94.12% in the observation group， which was higher than that of 76.47% in the control group， with significant difference（P<0.05）. The disappearance time of cough，fever，expectoration and pulmonary rales were shorter in the observation group than those in the control group， with significant difference（P<0.05）. After treatment， PaO2 was higher in the observation group than that in the control group，and PaCO2 was lower than that in the control group， with significant difference（P<0.05）. The levels of PCT， TNF and CRP were lower in the observation group than those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Interferon atomization therapy is more effective for children with adenovirus pneumonia，which can effectively reduce inflammatory reaction， and improve symptoms and blood gas analysis indexes，with higher safety.

[Key words] Adenovirus pneumonia in children; Interferon; Atomization; Safety; Inflammatory factor

小兒腺病毒肺炎属于病毒性肺炎范畴，主要是由感染腺病毒所致[1]，好发于冬、春季，以咳嗽、咳痰及呼吸困难等症状为主，并可经呼吸道传播，起病较急骤，若不及时给予有效治疗，患儿可出现其他疾病，如心肌炎、心力衰竭等，对于重症患儿而言，即使病情好转，仍有部分患儿存在肺功能不全等后遗症，危害性较大，故需尽早给予有效救治[2-3]。药物疗法是目前治疗小儿腺病毒肺炎的首选方案，其中以抗病毒疗法较多见[4-5]。以往临床常采取利巴韦林进行抗病毒治疗，虽然上述药物可在一定程度上改善症状，但效果依然有待升高，且目前临床还尚未完全明确利巴韦林的作用机制，故出于安全性及有效性考虑，有必要选择其他抗病毒药物。干扰素具有较好的抗病毒效果，为探讨上述药物的可行性，我院对小儿腺病毒肺炎患儿施行干扰素雾化治疗，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

经医院医学伦理委员会批准后施行研究，随机将2018年4月至2020年4月我院68例小儿腺病毒肺炎患儿分为对照组和观察组，每组各34例。观察组患儿男19例，女15例;年龄5个月～5岁，平均（2.62±0.43）岁，病程2～10 d，平均（5.04±1.61）d;体重10～23 kg，平均（13.04±2.58）kg。对照组男18例，女16例;年龄6个月～6岁，平均（2.60±0.40）岁，病程2～9 d，平均（5.08±1.52）d;体重9～22 kg，平均（13.10±2.52）kg。两组一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。

纳入标准：①符合《实用儿科学》[6]中小儿腺病毒肺炎诊断标准，且经痰分泌物或咽拭子腺病毒抗原检测显示阳性者;②0～12岁者;③家属签署知情协议者。排……