植物乳杆菌素plantaricinQ7在牛乳贮藏保鲜中的应用
2021-07-14步雨珊李剑勋易华西刘同杰公丕民王淑梅刘银雪
步雨珊 李剑勋 易华西 刘同杰 公丕民 王淑梅 刘银雪



摘 要: 植物乳杆菌素plantaricin Q7是由植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum Q7产生的,其具有广谱抑菌活性的细菌素,有安全、高效、稳定性好等优点.将效价为533 AU?mL-1的植物乳杆菌素Q7添加到牛乳中,探究其在牛乳贮藏过程中的保鲜效果.结果表明:植物乳杆菌素Q7维持了牛乳良好感官,牛乳贮藏第13天时仍没有异味出现,保持乳白色、略带黄色的状态,无分层和沉淀.荧光假单胞菌是牛乳中的优势嗜冷腐败菌.未添加植物乳杆菌素Q7的牛乳中,荧光假单胞菌落数在第7天超出国标规定;添加植物乳杆菌素Q7将延长荧光假单胞菌落数超出国标规定的时间4 d.植物乳杆菌素Q7有效减缓了牛乳酸度的增加速度,降低了牛乳pH值的下降速度.本研究为植物乳杆菌素Q7的开发与应用提供了依据.
关键词: 植物乳杆菌素; 牛乳; 贮藏; 保鲜
中图分类号: TS 252.4 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1000-5137(2021)02-0146-08
Application of plantaricin Q7 in the storage and preservation of milk
BU Yushan1, LI Jianxun1, LIU Yinxue1, LIU Tongjie1, GONG Pimin1,WANG Shumei2*, YI Huaxi1*
(1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China;2.College of Food Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China)
Abstract: Plantaricin Q7 is a bacteriocin produced byLactobacillus plantarumQ7 with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.It has the advantages of safety,high efficiency and good stability.In this study,plantaricin Q7 with a titer of 533 AU?mL-1was added to milk to explore its preservation effects in the process of milk storage.The result showed that plantaricin Q7 maintained the good sense of milk.There was no peculiar smell on the 13thday of storage,and the milk remained white and slightly yellow,without stratification and precipitation.Pseudomonas fluorescenswas the dominant psychrophilic spoilage bacteria in milk.Without adding plantaricin Q7,the number ofP.fluorescensin milk exceeded the national standard on the 7thday.After adding plantaricin Q7,the time ofP. fluorescensexceeding the national standard was postponed for 4 days.Plantaricin Q7 effectively slowed down the increase of milk acidity and the decrease of milk pH value.The results provided a basis for the development and application of plantaricin Q7.
Key words: plantaricin; milk; storage; preservation
0 引言
牛乳中含有乳糖、優质蛋白、必需氨基酸、脂溶性维生素、矿物质等,其营养价值丰富且易于吸收,对维持人体健康有着重要作用[1].然而正是由于牛乳高营养的特点,在生产、运输及保藏过程中,微生物容易在其中加速繁殖,从而导致牛乳品质下降[2].为了保证牛乳贮藏过程中的安全性和营养价值,寻找一种方便、安全、有效的防腐策略十分必要.低温保藏是最常见的一种措施,但低温无法抑制嗜冷菌生长,特别是牛乳中的优势腐败菌——荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)在低温时仍可以存活[3],其产生的……