黄炜元 张超 周云 石菲

摘 要：为系统评估铅黏弹性阻尼器（Lead Viscoelastic Damper，LVD）减震设计钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗震性能，设计了8度（0.2g）地区的一栋6层钢筋混凝土抗震框架结构（Reinforced Concrete Frame，RCF）和铅黏弹性阻尼减震框架结构（LVD-damped Frame，LVDF）。使用OpenSees软件建立了RCF结构和LVDF结构的弹塑性分析模型，采用ATC-63推荐的22条远场地震动对RCF和LVDF进行增量动力分析，基于增量动力分析结果对其进行概率地震需求分析和地震易损性分析，定量評估了RCF结构和LVDF结构超越各损伤状态的概率。研究表明：铅黏弹性阻尼器可以有效控制结构地震动响应，使同一地震作用下LVDF结构的地震动响应小于RCF结构;由概率地震需求分析结果可知，铅黏弹性阻尼器可以降低因地震动特性差异导致的结构动力分析结果的离散性;由地震易损性分析结果可知，LVDF结构在不同损伤状态下的超越概率均低于RCF结构，表明铅黏弹性阻尼器可以显著降低结构的损伤，提高结构的抗震性能。

关键词：铅黏弹性阻尼器;增量动力分析;易损性分析;抗震性能;钢筋混凝土结构

中图分类号：TU375.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-6717（2021）03-0075-08

Abstract： To systematically evaluate seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame structure designed with lead viscoelastic damper （LVD）， a 6-layer RC frame （RCF） and LVD-damped RC frame （LVDF） in 8 degree （0.2g） were designed and established. Finite analysis models of the RCF and LVDF were built using OpenSees. Incremental dynamic analysis （IDA） was conducted to both RCF and LVDF using a total of 22 far field ground motion records as recommended from ATC-63. Based on results of IDA， probabilistic seismic demand analysis followed with the seismic fragility analysis was carried out for RCF and LVDF， and the probability of achieving different damage states of RCF and LVDF were quantitatively evaluated. The analysis results show that lead viscoelastic damper can be used to seismically control structural dynamic behavior so that structural response of LVDF is smaller than that of RCF under the same earthquake. As shown in results of probabilistic seismic demand analysis， LVD reduce dispersion of structural dynamic analysis results due to differences characteristics of ground motion records. As shown in seismic fragility analysis results， LVDF has lower probability of exceedance under different damage states than that of RCF， indicating that LVD can significantly both release structural damage and improve seismic performance of the structure.

Keywords： lead viscoelastic damper; incremental dynamic analysis; fragility analysis; seismic performance; reinforced concrete structure

历次震害调查发现，钢筋混凝土（RC）框架结构在强地震作用下损伤严重，甚至倒塌[1]。近年来，消能减震技术的发展和应用为降低主体结构损伤、提高结构抗震抗倒塌性能提供了有效可靠的技术支持[2]。铅黏弹性阻尼器由于具有铅芯屈服耗能和黏弹性材料剪切滞回耗能双重耗能机制共同耗能的优点，以及铅芯在常温下具备动态回复和再结晶的特点，且黏弹性材料在设计变形范围内具有超弹性的特性[3]，具有优异的耗能能力，在既有建筑的抗震加固和新建建筑的抗震与抗风设计中均有广泛的应用前景。……