张思祥 马芳 陈鹏 刘凯铭 田利

摘 要：输电线路工程是重要的能源传输工程，但由于输电线路大多架设于乡间野外，长年累月受到环境荷载的作用，极有可能发生导线断裂事故。为了探究断线对输电塔线体系的冲击作用，运用ABAQUS有限元软件建立“四塔三线”模型，模拟不同输电线断线工况下的动态过程，开展了断线后输电塔的受力分析。基于定义的冲击系数，分析了断线前后输电塔主材杆件的受力变化情况，明确了输电塔受冲击最严重的位置。通过模拟结果与规范的对比，指出了现有规范的不足。结果表明：断线对输电塔产生的破坏主要为弯曲破坏和扭转破坏，且弯曲破壞更为严重。单根导线断裂时，上部导线断裂所造成的冲击最严重，受冲击最大的部位为断裂导线所连横担与其下方相邻横担之间的一段塔身。随着断线根数增多，扭转破坏所占比例有所增加，各横担之间的塔身为破坏最严重的部位。按规范取值并通过静力方法计算断线对输电塔的影响不能确保结构在断线动力冲击下的安全，有必要采用动力分析对输电塔进行验算。

关键词：输电塔线体系;断线冲击;冲击系数;瞬态动力分析;有限元模拟

中图分类号：TU352 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-6717（2021）03-0142-07

Abstract： The transmission tower-line systems play a vital role in power transmission. However， since most of the transmission tower-line systems are situated in rural areas subjected to various extreme weather conditions， transmission conductors are prone to be broken. In order to investigate the dynamic impact of conductor breakage on the transmission tower， a finite element model is established in ABAQUS， and the global state of the transmission tower is determined according to the base reaction. By calculating the impact coefficient of the main members in different parts of the tower under different working conditions， the changes of axial forces of the main members in different positions are shown， and the most severely impacted parts of the tower are identified. Finally， the simulation results are compared with the current norm， and the shortcomings of the criteria are pointed out. The results show that the main failure modes of transmission tower caused by wire breakage are bending failure and torsion failure， and the bending failure is more serious. When a single wire is broken， the impact caused by the rupture of the upper wire is the most serious， and the place suffering the greatest impact is the section between the crossarm connected with the broken wire and the adjacent crossarm. With the increase of the number of broken wires， the proportion of torsion failure increases， and the sections between two adjacent crossarms are damaged seriously. In addition， it is necessary to use dynamic methods to analyze structures， because using current codes and static methods to calculate the influence of wire rupture on structures cannot ensure that structures are still safe under the dynamic impact of wire rupture.

Keywords： transmission tower-line system; dynamic effect of rupture line; impact coefficient; transient dynamic analysis; finite element simulation

架空输电线路是能源传输系统的重要组成部分。但是，由于线路设备长期裸露在自然环境中，容易受到各种气象条件的侵袭、化学气体的腐蚀以及外力的破坏，出现故障的几率较高。……