刘玉杰 李慧

摘    要：城乡融合发展过程中必须不断提高效率水平。通过构建人、地、资本融合的多维评价指标体系，联合运用熵权-TOPSIS和DEA-Malmquist模型对全国以及30个省市自治区2007—2017年城乡融合发展相关数据进行分析。结果表明，全国以及各省份城乡融合发展的效率水平在研究年限里整体呈现上升的趋势。其中熵权-TOPSIS模型表明，2010年后我国城乡融合发展效率水平开始提升的主要原因在于城乡固定资产的投入和此项投入在城乡之间的合理分配。DEA-Malmquist模型表明，发达省份的综合效率值要高于次发达和落后省份，促进和限制效率提升的主要原因在于各地区的技术进步因素。

关键词：城乡融合发展;效率评价;熵权-TOPSIS;DEA-Malmquist

中图分类号：F299.2             文献标识码：A             DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.04.014

Abstract：In the process of urban-rural integration， the efficiency of it must be improved constantly. By constructing a multi-dimensional evaluation index system for the integration of population， land， and capital， as well as applying the Entropy- TOPSIS and DEA-Malmquist models， this study analyzed the data of urban-rural integration development from 2007 to 2017 in 30 provinces and autonomous regions across China. The results showed that during this surveyed decade， the efficiency of urban-rural integration in China experiences  represented an overall upward trend. The Entropy- TOPSIS model pointed out the main reason for this upward trend of integration efficacy after 2010 lay in the inputs of fixed assets in urban and rural areas， together with the reasonable distribution of these inputs. The DEA-Malmquist model showed the comprehensive efficiency value of developed provinces was higher than that of less developed and disadvantaged provinces， and the main reason for it was the differences in technological development in different areas.

Key words： urban and rural integration development; efficiency evaluation; Entropy- TOPSIS; DEA-Malmquist

城镇化背景下，中国乡村空间利用正面临着前所未有的机遇与挑战[1]。城乡差距扩大，城乡“二元体制”，城进乡退，城市病，乡村病等都成为了现阶段我国亟待解决的空间问题。加快城乡融合发展作为落实乡村振兴的重要抓手，可有效解决城乡发展的差距问题。城乡融合是指城乡之间以生产力发展为基础来促进城乡之间经济发展、社会生活、生态环境等方面有机统一的过程[2]。其本质还是在于城乡发展要素自由流动、公平与共享基础上实现城乡协调和一体化发展[3-4]。这是继中央提出“统筹城乡发展”、“城乡发展一体化”之后又一具有承接性和导向性的重要概念与政策方向[5]。

城乡融合发展是学界研究的重点，也受到了党和政府的高度重视[6]。……