何立飞 宋振琪 李海燕 李庆卫

摘    要：为探索地被菊夏季扦插极限时间，筛选一批耐热地被菊品种，为地被菊夏季育苗和短周期生产提供依据，选取北京林业大学梅菊圃内67个地被菊品种当年生带腋芽的叶片和嫩枝进行扦插繁殖对比试验。8月5—6日进行扦插，记录扦插后30 d和60 d的成活率、苗高和冠幅，移栽至露地记录开花及越冬率。结果表明，60 d成活率80%以上，苗高超过5 cm，冠幅超过5 cm的适合夏季时期扦插的品种有9个，分别是‘成双、‘毛香玉、‘繁白露、‘1902、‘中秋红、‘金银菊、紫堇早、‘重阳红和‘金乳荷;9个地被菊品种开花量、株高、冠幅均低于正常值;8个地被菊品种越冬成活率超过80%，其中‘成双越冬成活率达100%，‘毛香玉和‘1902越冬成活率均高于90%。

关键词： 地被菊;扦插育苗;成活率;越冬率

中图分类号：S682.11      文献标识码：A      DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.04.005

Abstract： In order to explore the cutting limit time of ground-cover Chrysanthemum in summer， select a batch of heat-resistant varieties of ground-cover Chrysanthemum， and provide the basis for summer seedling and short cycle production of ground-cover Chrysanthemum， 67 varieties of ground-cover Chrysanthemum with axillary buds in Meiju nursery of Beijing Forestry University were selected for cutting propagation comparative experiment.The survival rate， seedling height and crown width of 30 and 60 days after cutting were recorded after cutting on August 5-6. The flowering and overwintering rates were recorded after transplanting to an open field.The results showed that the survival rate of 60 days was more than 80%， the height of the seedlings was more than 5 cm， and the crown width was more than 5 cm. There were 9 varieties suitable for cutting in summer， which were 'Chengshuang'， 'Maoxiangyu'， 'Fanbailu'， '1902'， 'Zhongqiuhong'， 'Jinyinju'， 'Corydalis early'， 'Chongyanghong' and 'Jinruhe'.The flowering amount， plant height and crown width of 9 ground-cover Chrysanthemum varieties were lower than normal.The overwintering survival rate of 8 ground-cover Chrysanthemum varieties was more than 80%， of which the overwintering survival rate of 'Chengshuang' was 100%， and the overwintering survival rates of 'Maoxiangyu' and '1902' were higher than 90%.

Key words： ground-cover Chrysanthemum; cutting seedling; summer cutting propagation; selection test

地被菊（Chrysanthemum morifolium）為菊科（Compositae）菊属（Chrysanthemum）多年生宿根草本花卉，是一类植株低矮紧凑、花色丰富繁多、抗逆性强、耐粗放管理的园林花卉，是园林绿化中优良的地被植物，是已故院士陈俊愉先生及其课题组利用我国优良的野生菊花资源反复杂交选育的具有园林应用价值的菊花新品种群[1-2]。

为了保持地被菊品种的优良性状，地被菊通常采用扦插的方法进行繁殖，主要扦插时间为冬春和早夏季节[3]，温度是植物生长的必要条件。地被菊抗逆性极强，但耐热能力较差[4-5]。目前，关于夏季扦插地被菊的研究还较少，为探索夏季扦插极限时期，筛选耐热性强的种质资源，为地被菊耐热育种打下……