马丽 茅健

摘  要：文章针对冷链仓储中心布局问题，提出了一种基于系统布置设计法（SLP方法）和遗传算法（GA）相结合的方法对冷链仓储布局进行优化，以仓储中心各功能区总物流强度和物流搬运成本总和最小为优化目标的多目标函数模型，运用权重处理法将多目标函数模型转换成单目标函数模型，并运用遗传算法对模型进行定量分析求解，得出最优染色体。以浙江义乌某冷链仓储中心布局搭建仿真环境，进行仿真实验，得出优化结果，并将SLP-GA优化后的结果与原模型进行对比，利用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对方案进行评价，结果表明，园区物流效率与物流成本有了明显改善。

关键词：冷链仓储中心;布局优化;优化SLP方法;遗传算法

中图分类号：F253    文献标识码：A

Abstract： For cold chain storage center layout problem， this paper puts forward a method based on the system arrangement design（SLP）and the combination of genetic algorithm（GA）method was carried out on the cold chain storage layout optimization， the total strength of logistics and logistics center on warehouse each function handling cost summation of multi-objective function model and objective function is minimum， the multi-objective function model by applying the method of weighting processing into a single objective function model and uses genetic algorithm to quantitative analysis of the model， it is concluded that the optimal chromosome. The simulation environment was set up for a cold chain warehouse center in Yiwu， Zhejiang province， and the simulation experiment was carried out to obtain the optimization results. The optimized results of SLP-GA were compared with the original model， and the scheme was evaluated by AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the logistics efficiency and cost of the park had been significantly improved.

Key words： cold chain storage center; layout optimization; optimize SLP method; genetic algorithm

0  引  言

近年來，人民的生活水平不断提高，对新鲜果蔬的需求也逐步的提升，对冷链产品的需求量也大大增加，因此冷链近年来发展迅速，但是也产生了很多需要解决的问题：如何降低货损率，如何保持新鲜度，如何减少企业成本等。新鲜果蔬从产地到客户手上经历了冷链运输、冷链仓储加工这一系列的过程，在冷链仓储中经历的时间最长，涉及到果蔬产品入库、果蔬产品清洗、果蔬产品加工和果蔬产品配送这些环节，在冷链仓储中货损率也较高，所以提升冷链仓储的效率尤为重要。对冷链仓储效率影响较大的是冷链中心的布局。其中布局、作业流程、储位分配的不合理性都是影响冷链仓储效率的因素，这些都属于仓储布局优化的问题。……