赵元琦 杨婷

摘  要：在新冠疫情面前，应急医疗物资对于防控疫情意义重大，这就要求以最短的时间、最快的效率将医疗物资发放给医疗机构防治疫情，但是疫情期间全国各地出现应急医疗物资短缺、供需不匹配等情况，医护人员面临重大医疗安全风险，因此探究如何在重大疫情下应急医疗物资供应链体系可以快速、有效的运转显得极其重要。对此，文章通过分析应急医疗供应链快速响应、需求复杂和系统整体性的特征，设计云物流环境下应急医疗物资供应链模式，最后提出云物流环境下应急医疗物资供应链保障体系发展建议。

关键词：新冠肺炎疫情;应急医疗物资供应链;云物流

中图分类号：F274    文献标识码：A

Abstract： In the face of the new crown epidemic， emergency medical supplies are of great significance to the prevention and control of the epidemic. This requires that medical supplies be distributed to medical institutions in the shortest time and with the fastest efficiency to prevent the epidemic. However， during the epidemic， there was a shortage of emergency medical supplies and lack of supply and demand across the country. Matching and other situations， medical personnel face major medical safety risks， so it is extremely important to explore how the emergency medical supplies supply chain system can operate quickly and effectively in a major epidemic. In this regard， this paper analyzes the characteristics of the emergency medical supply chain's rapid response， complex demand and system integrity， designs the emergency medical supplies supply chain model in the cloud logistics environment， and finally proposes the development of the emergency medical supplies supply chain guarantee system under the cloud logistics environment.

Key words： COVID-19; emergency medical supply chain; cloud logistics

0  引  言

2020年突发新冠肺炎疫情，根据我国出台的《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》要求，全国每个省份先后启动重大突发公共卫生安全一级响应，保护公众健康和生命安全。应急医疗物资供应关乎抗击疫情的成效，因此这次疫情使我国应急医疗物资供应面临巨大挑战。很多学者对于公共卫生突发情形下物资供应进行了相关研究，胡卿汉等[1]通过研究指出使用区块链技术对防疫工作特别是医用防疫紧急物资的供应信息可以进行科学管理。刘韶

等[2]研究提出应建立统一的指挥调度体系和高效的信息管理体系，并以问题为导向构建短缺预警响应、应急供应与配送等机制应对，并且需要多方联动和有序推进。……