关键词：刑法文本;刑法本身;司法逻辑;刑法解释;刑法语言观

摘 要：刑法文本的使用价值主要存在于司法过程中，其司法使用方式取决于刑事法庭的结构及其运行方式，由此凸显一种由行为规范、追诉规范、辩护规范、裁判规范构成的司法逻辑的刑法规范结构。刑法文本对刑法本身的反映具有不完整性，这至少表现在三方面：刑法文本未直言行为规范，未完整表现裁判规范，可能存在“制定法上的不法”。因此，在理解刑法文本时，须注意克服语义学的局限性。刑法文本既能容纳不同角色的不同理解及相互交流，又能使对话走向成功而不是归于破裂，这主要是其通过在公共性与专业性、明确性与模糊性、情境性与非情境性之间保持语言张力而实现的。刑事法庭这个“装置”，保障了控辩审依据刑法文本而进行的主体间沟通。

中图分类号：D924文献标志码：A文章编号：1001-2435（2021）03-0103-09

The Views on Text of Criminal Law with Logic of Judicature

LIU Yuan （School of Law，Nanjing Normal University，Nanjing 210023，China）

Key words：text of criminal law;criminal law itself;logic of judicature;interpretation of criminal law;conception of criminal law language

Abstract：The use value of criminal law text mainly exists in the judicial process，and its judicial use depends on the structure and operation mode of criminal court，which highlights a criminal law norm structure of judicial logic composed of behavior norm，prosecution norm，defense norm and judgment norm. The reflection of the criminal law text on the criminal law itself is incomplete，at least in three aspects： the failure to speak out the norms of behavior，the failure to fully express the judgement norms，and the possible existence of “lawlessness in the statute law”. Therefore，when we understand the criminal law text，we should overcome the limitations of semantics. Criminal law text can not only accommodate different understanding and mutual communication of different roles but also make the dialogue successful rather than broken. It is mainly realized by maintaining language tension between publicity and professionalism，clarity and fuzziness，situational and non situational. The criminal court guarantees communication between prosecution，defense and trial.

所謂刑法文本，是指刑法的语言文字形态，即刑法的制定法形态，亦即刑法条文的总体。1刑事司法文件并不是刑法文本，它只是司法机关依照刑法文本处理司法事务所形成的政策性文本;刑事司法文书更不是刑法文本，它只是司法机关依照刑法文本处理案件所形成的涵摄性文本。在刑法的实证化过程中，刑法文本变得日益专门化、能动化、系统化，以致于很长时间里，在人们的观念中刑法文本就是刑法。因此，系统阐述刑法，自然应当以刑法文本为起点1。[1]358-359但是，刑法的实证化并不必然导致文本主义的刑法观。……