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基于SWOT分析的中医药跨文化传播能力提升路径探析

2021-07-06胡以仁张宇婧解茂芝陈小平严暄暄何清湖

湖南中医药大学学报 2021年4期
关键词:中医药

胡以仁 张宇婧 解茂芝 陈小平 严暄暄 何清湖

〔摘要〕 中医药跨文化传播是一个复杂而动态的系统。基于优势(S)、劣势(W)、机会(O)、威胁(T)分析(SWOT分析)发现,当前的中医药跨文化传播具有中医药理论体系完整、临床疗效确切等优势,亦存在东西方文化差异、中医药国际标准规范欠缺等劣势;既适逢国家对中医药“一带一路”事业发展的重视与扶持、信息化背景下新媒体成长迅速等有利发展机遇,也面临西方文化中心论、现代科学霸权主义等诸多挑战。为了提升中医药跨文化传播能力,提出SO、ST、WO、WT 4种分析路径。从SO路径出发,深化政府间交流与合作,医带教研,整合资源;从ST路径出发,深耕市场,因地制宜;从WO路径出发,主动承担制定中医药国际标准和规范的重任;从WT路径出发,应掌握中医药文化传播中的主动权,减少劣势,降低威胁。

〔关键词〕 SWOT分析;中医药;跨文化传播

〔中图分类号〕R2;G2          〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2021.04.027

〔Abstract〕 The cross-cultural communication of Chinese medicine is a complex and dynamic system. Based on the strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O) and threat (T) analysis (SWOT analysis), the current cross-cultural communication of Chinese medicinehas not only the advantages of a complete theoretical system of Chinese medicine and definite clinical efficacy, but also disadvantages such as cultural differences between east and west, the lack of international standards, etc. As cross-cultural communication of Chinese medicine, not only coincides with the opportunities of Chinese government's emphasis and support for the Belt and Road cause of Chinese medicine and the rapid growth of new media under the background of informationization, but also faces many challenges such as western cultural center theory and modern scientific hegemonism. In order to improve the cross-cultural communication ability of Chinese medicine, four analytical paths are proposed: SO, ST, WO and WT. Starting from the SO path, deepening intergovernmental communication and cooperation, leading medical teaching and research, integrating resources; from the ST path, deeply cultivating the market and adapting the methods to local conditions; from the WO path, taking the responsibility to formulate international standards and norms of Chinese medicine; from the WT path, taking the initiative in the dissemination of Chinese medicine culture in our own hands, reducing disadvantages and threats.

〔Keywords〕 SWOT analysis; traditional Chinese medicine; cross-cultural communication

目前,中醫药传播到183个国家和地区,中国同外国政府、地区主管机构和国际组织签署了86个中医药合作协议[1]。据世界卫生组织统计,中医先后在29个国家和地区以政府立法形式得到承认,18个国家和地区将中医药纳入医疗保险。世界上约有160个国家和地区开展了中医药教育,中医药教育机构近700家[2]。

尽管中医药已经走出国门并影响世界,但仍难以全方位进入国际医药的主流市场,主要表现在以下几个方面:中医药在全球的规范管理与立法工作举步维艰;中医不能海外行“医”,中药出国后只能作为“保健品”销售;中医药的使用无法进入海外医疗保险体系等等。……

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