上海地铁乘客平峰期 出行行为影响因素及机理研究
2021-07-05于莉倪杰
于莉 倪杰
摘 要:针对上海地铁平峰期客座率不高、运能低的问题,对乘客愿意增加平峰期出行行为的影响因素进行归纳分析,并根据居民对地铁票价优惠、增值服务的需求进行现场问卷调查,统计分析各措施下乘客平峰期地铁出行意愿情况;建立平峰期出行意愿二项Logit模型,研究出行者特性、出行行为特性以及选择方案特性等因素的影响。由此为平峰期地铁客流提升制定更加有针对性的互联网营销方案奠定理论基础。
关键词:上海地铁;平峰期出行;Logit模型;互联网营销
中图分类号:F570 文献标识码:A
Abstract: In view of the problem of low passenger load factor and low transportation capacity during the peak period of the Shanghai subway, the influencing factors of passengers' willingness to increase travel behavior during the peak period are analyzed, and an on-site questionnaire survey is conducted based on residents' needs for subway fare concessions and value-added services. Analyze the passenger's willingness to travel in the peak period of the subway under various measures; establish a binomial Logit model for the willingness to travel during the peak period, and study the influence of factors such as traveler characteristics, travel behavior characteristics, and selection plan characteristics. This laid a theoretical foundation for the development of more targeted internet marketing programs for the improvement of subway passenger flow during the peak period.
Key words: Shanghai metro; travel during peak season; Logit model; internet marketing
0 引 言
近年来,地铁由于其高效、环保、舒适的特点,被越来越多的出行者作为出行的首要选择。但是,数据显示,最高断面客流量出现的区间和所占全天的时长都只有10%左右,这说明地铁在大部分的路段和时段是以低于运能的状态在运行的,这也说明一列满载率低的列车存在一定程度上的资源浪费。二维码、微信等互联网支付手段在上海地铁得到了大力推广,其优惠措施实施方便、乘客反应快速,带来了上海地铁客流特征的变化,上海地铁通过票价优惠吸引乘客也有条件得以方便的实施。上海地铁于2014年提出平峰期增收目标,新形势下,通过互联网营销手段实现该目标是一次有益的尝试。
目前,对于轨道交通客流吸引问题的国内外学者研究较多,但利用互联网技术进行平峰期客流提升的研究较少。陈峰[1]、杨梅[2]、于颢晨[3]等在对地铁运行能力现状进行系统分析的基础上,提炼地铁客流成长特征和规律,总结地铁客流影响因素,提出了有针对性的地铁客流提升措施。……
