基于预知OD的城市路网交通流路径优化研究
2021-07-05曹彬彬周溪召
曹彬彬 周溪召
摘 要:针对城市路网交通流分布不均引起的交通拥堵问题,提出了在预约出行交通背景下基于预知OD的交通流路径优化方法。首先,分析了预约出行交通背景下预知OD的数据环境;其次,根据动态用户均衡准则,对预知的OD进行流量分配,给出预约出行车辆的路径;接着,使用预测控制的方法,结合路网上预约车辆的状态,以路网上路段的饱和度和未预约车辆的行程时间最小化为目标,从系统和用户两个角度对未预约车辆的路径进行实时的诱导,通过连续时域的滚动优化控制,优化交通流的路径;最后,对本方法的实现和应用做了思考和探索,对本研究做了总结。
关键词:交通流;预约出行;动态用户均衡;预测控制
中图分类号:U491.1 文献标识码:A
Abstract: Aiming at the problem of traffic congestion caused by uneven distribution of urban road network traffic flow, a traffic flow path optimization method based on predictive OD under the background of travel reservation is proposed. First, analyze the data environment of predicted OD under the background of travel reservation; secondly, according to the dynamic user-equilibrium criterion, the predicted OD is distributed to give the route of the reserved vehicles; then, the method of predictive control is used in conjunction with the state of reserved vehicles, with the goal of minimizing the saturation of the road and the travel time of unreserved vehicles, real-time guidance of the path of unreserved vehicles from both the system and the user perspective, through continuous time domain rolling optimization control and optimize the path of traffic flow; finally, thought and explored the realization and application of this method, and summarized this research.
Key words: traffic flow; travel reservation; dynamic user-equilibrium; predictive control
0 引 言
伴随城市化和工业化进程的加快,城市居民的集聚,机动车保有量的增加,城市交通供需愈发不平衡,偶发性和常发性的交通拥堵问题均日益严重。为避免交通拥堵造成的时空资源的浪费,众多学者一直致力于解决该问题并提出了多种思路:如在科学的评估下适当增加交通供给(新修道路和扩建车道等);再如通过宏观政策导向对出行需求进行管控(分时段、分区域、分车辆进行限行);构建智能交通系统(调优信号配时、优化车道功能和交通诱导等)。以上三类方法都有各自的实效,但在交通拥堵发生时以及交通拥堵发生前,交通流的路径选择不合理是造成交通拥堵的最主要的原因之一[1]。……
