孙福仁 刘沙 张睿智 李雅倩 杜婵博 李哲 张特利

摘要：为了保证桂枝饮片的药效、促进市场高价值流通，依托质量常数法对桂枝饮片的质量等级进行评价研究。以从药材市场上收集的15批饮片为研究对象，测定其外在性状指标（饮片质量及厚度）和内在成分指标（桂皮醛含量）;通过计算得到15批饮片的质量常数（A）和百分质量常数（A%），并根据结果对桂枝饮片进行等级划分。结果表明，15批桂枝饮片质量常数为0.85～28.11，百分质量常数为3.02%～100%，它们被划分为3个等级，即A≥22.49为一等饮片，14.01≤A<22.49为二等饮片，A<14.01为三等饮片;选取桂皮醛作为桂枝等级评价的内在成分指标合理可行;与传统等级评价方法相比，基于质量常数建立的等级评价方法可以将性状鉴别与成分含量相结合，综合、客观地对桂枝饮片进行等级划分，为中药材的生产、流通和监管提供参考。

关键词：中药鉴定学;桂枝;质量常数;百分质量常数;桂皮醛;饮片

中图分类号：R282.5文献标识码：ADOI： 10.7535/hbgykj.2021yx03003

Abstract：In order to ensure the efficacy of Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction pieces and promote high-value circulation in the market， the quality grade evaluation of Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction pieces was researched based on the quality constant method. Taking 15 batches of decoction pieces collected from the medicinal material market as the research objects， the external characteristic indicators （quality and thickness of decoction pieces） and the intrinsic quality indicators （content of cinnamaldehyde） were measured. Then，the quality constant（A） and percentage quality constant （A%）were calculated and the grades of Cinnamomi Ramulus were classified according to the results.The results show that the quality constants of 15 batches of the decoction pieces were 0.85～28.11，and the percentage quality constants were 3.02%～100%.The 15 batches of Cinnamomi Ramulus were divided into three levels： Grade Ⅰ（A≥22.49），Grade Ⅱ （14.01≤A<22.49），Grade Ⅲ（A<14.01）.It is reasonable and feasible to select cinnamaldehyde as the intrinsic quality indicators for the grade evaluation of Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction pieces. Compared with traditional grade evaluation methods， the grade evaluation method based on the quality constant can combine the identification of the traits with the content of the index components to classify Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction pieces comprehensively and objectively， which can provide a reference for the production， circulation and supervision of Chinese medicinal materials.

Keywords：identification of traditional Chinese medicine;Cinnamomi Ramulus; quality constant;percentage quality constant;cinnamaldehyde;decoction piece

桂枝為中药常用解表药，《本草纲目》记载：“治一切风冷风湿，解肌开腠理，抑肝气，扶脾土” ，现载于《中华人民共和国药典》（2020年版一部）（以下简称《中国药典》）[1]。它主产于福建、海南、广东、广西、云南等热带及亚热带地区;常生于阔叶林中，但多为栽培品;春、夏二季采收，除去叶，晒干，或切片晒干。临床上，桂枝用于治疗风寒表证，脘腹冷痛，关节痹痛。现代药理作用显示，桂枝具有解热、扩张皮肤血管、促进血液循环、解表、发汗、镇痛、抗真菌、抗肿瘤等作用[2]。

桂枝饮片质量评价以指标成分含量测定或性状鉴别为主，有报道采用液相色谱法同时测定桂枝中桂皮醛、桂皮酸、桂皮醇、香豆素、原儿茶酸含量，控制桂枝饮片质量[3]。刘彩霞等[4]通过考察桂枝饮片性状特征，得出性状与桂皮醛和桂皮酸含量的关系，从而通过外在性状判断饮片质量。……