闫学松 朱学旺 王朋 王德松

摘要：为了弥补聚酰亚胺（PI）作为光催化材料的缺陷，采用与氧化亚铜（Cu2O）复合的方法制备复合光催化剂，增强其光催化性能。首先用溶液聚合的方式，制备了聚酰胺酸（PAA）;将PAA浸泡在乙酸铜溶液中进行离子交换;最后在真空烘箱中热处理制备了Cu2O/PI复合材料。采用SEM，TEM，FTIR，XRD和BET等测试方法对材料的形貌、微观结构和组成进行研究，通过UVVis DRS，PL和EIS等方法表征了材料的光电性能，以对硝基苯酚还原反应为模型，考察了Cu2O/PI复合材料的光催化性能。结果表明，Cu2O显著提高了PI基体对可见光的吸收和光生电子空穴对的分离效率，对模型反应具有高效催化效果，催化活性较纯PI明显提高。当Cu2O的质量分数为1%，热处理温度为275 ℃，热处理时间为2 h时，光催化的活性最好。研究为合成PI基高效光催化剂提供了方法依据。

关键词：催化化学; 聚酰亚胺; 氧化亚铜; 对硝基苯酚; 光催化还原

中图分类号：O643.3文献标识码：ADOI： 10.7535/hbgykj.2021yx03001

Abstract： In order to make up for the defects of polyimide （PI） as a photocatalytic material， the composite photocatalyst was prepared by combining with cuprous oxide （Cu2O） to enhance its photocatalytic performance. Firstly， polyamide acid （PAA） was prepared by solution polymerization.Then PAA was soaked in copper acetate solution for ion exchange. Finally， Cu2O/ PI composites were prepared by heat treatment in vacuum oven. The morphology， microstructure and composition of the composites were studied by SEM， TEM， FTIR， XRD and BET， etc. The photoelectric properties of the composites were characterized by UV-Vis DRS， PL and EIS， etc. The photocatalytic properties of Cu2O/PI composites were researched with the model of reduction reaction of p-nitrophenol. The results show that Cu2O improves visible light absorbance of PI matrix and the separation efficiency of photo-generated electron-hole pair. The catalytic activity of Cu2O/PI is significantly higher than that of PI. The photocatalytic activity of the Cu2O/PI composite has the optimal photocatalytic activity when the content of Cu2O is 1% （mass fraction）， the heat treatment temperature is 275 ℃， and the heat treatment time is 2 h. The study provides a method basis for the synthesis of high efficiency photocatalyst based on PI.

Keywords：catalytic chemistry; polyimide; cuprous oxide; p-nitrophenol; photocatalytic reduction

隨着社会发展，煤、石油、天然气等不可再生能源的长期消耗，产生了严重的环境污染。其中包括有机污染物造成的水污染[1]，农药、染料、表面活性剂、药品等有机污染物的多样性加大了水污染治理的难度[2-5]。光催化材料在治理环境污染和解决能源危机方面具有巨大的价值。聚酰亚胺（PI）是一类具有亚胺基团的聚合物，具有化学稳定性好、机械强度高、使用温度范围宽等突出特点。由于其独特的优势，PI被广泛应用于锂离子电池[6]、质子交换膜[7]和传感器[8]等。在光催化领域，PI较多作为催化剂载体，直到2012年CHU等[9]首次提出结晶PI作为一种新的聚合物光催化剂。……