滕金聪 张宗明

摘要 以古丝绸之路为媒介，中国和印度之间存在着久远的物质文化交流。中医药作为我国四大国粹之一，具有“简便验廉”的特征，也是中印在物质文化交流过程中的一个重要载体。搭载着古丝路的“便车”，中医药在印度地区的传播以贸易往来、西行求法、外交活动等具体形式的促进和带动为主。2013年以来，随着“一带一路”倡议的提出，中医药在印度地区又迎来了新一轮的发展，但总体情况并不乐观。充分利用和借鉴古丝路下中医药在印度传播发展的经验，促进新时期中医药在印度更广泛、更深层次的普及则尤为重要。

关键词 古代丝绸之路;中医药;印度;传播;“一带一路”;贸易往来;求法;外交

Spread and Modern Significance of Traditional Chinese Medicine in India from the Perspective of Ancient Silk Road

TENG Jincong，ZHANG Zongming

（The Research Center of Chinese Medicine Culture，Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine，Nanjing 210000，China）

Abstract With the ancient silk road as the medium，there is a long time of material and cultural exchanges between China and India.As one of the 4 quintessence of China，traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is characterized by simplicity and cheapness.It is also an important carrier of material and cultural exchanges between China and India.“Free ride” of the ancient silk road is carried out，the spread of traditional Chinese medicine in India is mainly promoted and driven by specific forms such as trade contacts，westward travel，diplomatic activities and etc.Since 2013，with the “Belt and Road Initiative”，TCM has ushered in a new round of development in India，but the overall situation is not optimistic.So it is particularly important to make full use of the experience of TCM communication and development in India under the ancient silk road to promote the wider and deeper popularization of TCM in India in the new era.

Keywords Ancient silk road; Traditional Chinese medicine; India; Spread; Belt and Road Initiative; Trade contacts; Seek scriptures; Diplomacy

中圖分类号：R2文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.04.028

中印之间医学文化交流源远流长。最早把印度医学传入中国的是伊朗王子、佛教徒安世高，他在东汉末年曾到我国学习汉语。唐《开元释教录》中记载：“东汉之末，安世高医术有名，译经传入印度之医学。”[1]这是目前最早的关于中印之间医学文化交流的明文记载。自此，印度医学源源不断地流入中国，对中医药的发展产生了一定的影响。基于文化交流双向性的特征，印度医学在中国传播的同时，中医药在印度地区的传播也是必然的。但对于中医药是何时开始在印度地区有传播的迹象，学界并未有一个确切的定论，对于中医药在印度地区的发展主线认识也鲜有人具体描绘。想要探讨中医药在印度地区的传播及发展，似乎不是件易事。……