邹国香 杨晓茜 全景江 邓永祥

摘要 目的：探討从督脉之络长强穴治疗小儿发育迟缓疗效，以期丰富治疗方法和依据。方法：选取2016年3月至2019年1月龙华区人民医院收治的小儿发育迟缓患儿78例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，每组39例。对照组以感知、记忆力、语言综合训练，观察组加用针刺长强穴。2组均治疗3个月。观察并比较2组治疗前、治疗完成后患者Gesell发育量表、Peabody运动发育量表、韦氏儿童智力量表、症状积分、微量元素变化，对2组进行治疗后疗效评价。结果：1）2组完成后Gesell发育量表中的适应性、大运动、精细动作、语言、社交积分较治疗前均显著增加，Peabody运动发育量表反射、固定、移动、物体控制、抓握、视觉-运动统合评分与治疗前比较显著升高，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05），且观察组均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。2）2组治疗完成后韦氏儿童智力量表的语言智商、操作智商、总智商与治疗前比较均显著增加，症状积分与治疗前比较显著下降，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05），且观察组显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。3）治疗后观察组显效率43.59%、总有效率87.18%，对照组显效率25.64%、总有效率66.67%，观察组疗效显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。4）2组治疗前、治疗完成后钙、锌、铁元素含量比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），治疗完成后2组钙、锌、铁元素含量与治疗前比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且完成治疗后观察组以上指标与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：针刺长强穴结合康复训练能促进语言功能发育，提高各能区发育水平，促进微量激素分泌，有重要积极意义。

关键词 督脉之络;长强穴;小儿;发育迟缓;语言功能;微量元素;量表积分;疗效

Discussion on the Thought of Treating Childhood Delayed Development from Changqiang Point of Du Meridian

ZOU Guoxiang，YANG Xiaoxi，QUAN Jingjiang，DENG Yongxiang

（Department of Rehabilitation Medicine，Longhua District People′s Hospital，Shenzhen 518131，China）

Abstract Objective：To explore the curative effect of the treatment of infantile growth retardation from the point of long and strong collaterals of Du meridians，in order to enrich the treatment methods and basis.Methods：A total of 78 children with growth retardation admitted to Longhua District People′s Hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects and were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of double-blind randomization，with 39 cases in each group.The control group received perception，memory，comprehensive language training，and the observation group was added with acupuncture at Changqiang point.All patients were treated for 3 months.The changes of Gesell development scale，Peabody sports development scale，Wechsler children′s intelligence scale，symptom score and trace elements were observed and compared before and after treatment，and the curative effect was evaluated after treatment.Results：1） after the treatment，the scores of adaptability，big movement，fine movement，language and social intercourse in Gesell development scale increased significantly in the 2 groups，while the scores of reflection，fixation，movement，object control，grasping，visual motor integration in Peabody development scale increased significantly in the 2 groups （P<0.05）.2） after the treatment，the verbal IQ，operational IQ and total IQ of Wechsler children′s intelligence scale in the 2 groups were significantly increased compared with those before the treatment，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05），and the observation group was significantly better than the control group （P<0.05）.3） after the treatment，the effective rate of the observation group was 43.59%，the total effective rate was 87.18%，the effective rate of the control group was 25.64%，the total effective rate was 66.67%，and the observation group was significantly better than the control group （P<0.05）.4） there was no significant difference in the content of calcium，zinc and iron between the 2 groups before and after the treatment （P>0.05）.After the treatment，the content of calcium，zinc and iron in the 2 groups increased significantly （P<0.05），and after the treatment，the above indexes in the observation group increased more significantly than those in the control group （P<0.05）.Conclusion：Acupuncture at Changqiang point combined with rehabilitation training can promote the development of language function，improve the development level of various energy areas，and promote the secretion of micro hormones，which is of great positive significance.

Keywords Collaterals of the Du Meridian; Changqiang acupoint; Children; Developmental retardation; Language function; Trace elements; Scale integral curative effect

中图分类号：R272.6;R245.3文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.04.025

发育迟缓是儿童常见的一种发育性疾病，主要是指6岁以下儿童在粗大运动/精细运动、语言/言语、认知、社会/个人、日常活动能力等发育领域中存在2个及以上明显落后情况，侧重于神经生物学、物理和社会环境因素相互作用下产生的变化过程[1]。目前对小儿发育迟缓研究主要分布在2个方面：一方面是针对发育迟缓成因和发现、诊断和评价;另外一方面是分别对智力、语言、运动、精神4个方面的具体表现、预防和干预方法等研究。……