程素珍 张怡婧 颜东旭

摘 要：为了探索废弃矿山生态修复治理新思路，以山东省济南市钢城区某矿山为研究对象，采取现场调查、测绘及物探勘查等手段，查清了废弃矿山环境现状及问题。结果表明，矿山环境问题突出，主要表现在地质灾害隐患较重，土地资源损毁和地形地貌景观破坏严重等。针对存在问题，制定了有针对性的生态修复措施，治理后水土流失和扬尘面积减少45939m2，植树5882株，遮蔽裸岩面积8876m2，取得了明显的社会效益、环境效益及经济效益。研究成果可以为开展同类型废弃矿山生态环境修复治理提供实践案例。

关键词：生态修复;废弃矿山;综合治理

中图分类号 X53文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）10-0139-04

Study on the Ecological Restoration of an Abandoned Mine in Gangcheng District of Jinan City

CHENG Suzhen1 et al.

（1Beijing Institute of Geology， Beijing 100120， China）

Abstract： In order to explore the new ideas of ecological restoration and treatment of abandoned mines， taking a mine in Gangcheng District， Jinan City， Shandong Province as an example， the environmental problems of abandoned mines were investigated by means of field investigation， mapping and geophysical exploration. The research shows that the environmental problems of the current mine are prominent， which are mainly manifested in the serious hidden danger of geological disasters， the serious damage of land resources and topography. In view of the current situation， the targeted ecological restoration measures have been formulated. After the control， the area of soil erosion and dust has been reduced by 45939m2， 5882 trees have been planted， and the covered bare rock area is 8876m2， which can achieve obvious social， environmental and economic benefits. The research results can provide practical case reference for carrying out ecological environment restoration and treatment of the same type of abandoned mines.

Key words： Ecological restoration; Abandoned mine; Comprehensive treatment

廢弃矿山生态环境脆弱，环境承载力有限[1]，对废弃矿山的修复是践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的重要举措。近年来，地方政府把矿山生态环境修复任务提到了前所未有的高度[2]，对修复治理措施及治理效果也提出了更高的要求。针对矿山生态修复治理的新理念、新技术、新方法层出不穷。例如，王亨力等提出了在矿山地质环境影响评价基础上分区开展生态修复治理的理念[3];罗明等对矿山生态修复技术和修复后综合效益预评估理论进行了研究[4];王雁林等、张先昂对修复模式进行了探索性研究[5-6];黄祺、兰俊斌分别对矿山生态修复中的绿化措施开展了深入研究。但这些理论、方法、模式等方面的研究尚未形成统一的认识，具有显著的区域性特征。……