退化湿地土壤酶活性分析
2021-06-17刘立伟光辉叶姗叶银梁薇
刘立伟 光辉 叶姗 叶银 梁薇



摘 要:选取退化湿地土壤样本,分别对不同样本的脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶及荧光素二乙酸酯酶活性进行了测定分析。结果显示,过氧化氢酶与蔗糖酶的活性变化规律与土壤理化性质中的总氮和有机质含量变化特点基本保持一致。土壤酶在土壤的发生和发育以及土壤肥力的形成和演化过程中起着关键性作用,探究湿地退化过程中土壤酶活性特征,对于揭示长江中下游浅水湖泊湿地退化机理具有重要意义。
关键词:武昌湖;湿地退化;酶活性
中图分类号 P941.78文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)10-0134-05
Analysis of Soil Enzyme Activity in Degraded Wetland
LIU Liwei et al.
(School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China)
Abstract: In this paper, soil samples of degraded wetlands were selected, and the urease, sucrase, phosphatase, catalase and luciferin diacetate enzyme activities of different samples were measured and analyzed. Experimental analysis found that the changes of the activities of catalase and sucrase were basically consistent with the changes of the total nitrogen and organic matter content in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Soil enzymes play a key role in the occurrence and development of soil and the formation and evolution of soil fertility. By exploring the characteristics of soil enzyme activity in the process of wetland degradation, it is of great significance to reveal the degradation mechanism of shallow water lake wetlands in the middle and lower Yangtze River.
Key words: Wuchang Lake; Wetland degradation; Enzyme activity
1 引言
湿地生态系统是陆地生态系统中最主要的碳库之一,在全球气候变化中起着关键性的作用,其具有强大的生态功能,具体体现在湿地社会价值、大气水热循环、截留沉降污染物、水源调蓄以及维护多样性生物等方面。我国湿地面积约占世界湿地总面积的10%,位居亚洲首位,世界第4位[1]。近几十年来,由于人类无序开发及不合理的利用,导致湿地面积急剧减少[2-3],湿地生态系统结构和功能已发生了不同程度的退化[4],部分湿地生态系统甚至消失。据水利部门调查得知,目前我國湖泊湿地只有20世纪50年代的1/3左右,河流湿地已消失了近3万条。长江经济带是我国经济实力最强的区域之一,也是我国湖泊、河流、沼泽等分布密集区,湿地面积达1154万hm2,约占全国湿地总面积的20%。但与新中国成立初期相比,其湖泊湿地面积较萎缩了近120万hm2,仅2000—2010年间,该区域的沼泽湿地就丧失了742.1km2,湖泊丧失220.7km2[5,6]。……
