无人机遥感技术在陆地生态系统监测与评价中的应用
2021-06-17王飞李伟赵文植李卫英辛培尧
王飞 李伟 赵文植 李卫英 辛培尧


摘 要:陆地生态系统对人类生存和社会发展极为重要,进行陆地生态系统综合监测与生态环境评价是解决和治理生态问题的前提。传统地面监测方法由于视角问题很难满足综合监测与评价的要求,而卫星遥感监测又存在监测精度低、时效性差等问题。无人机灵动性好、便于操作,经搭载各类型遥感传感器,可实现陆地生态系统动态连续监测。基于此,无人机遥感技术在森林、草原、荒漠及农田生态系统的监测与生态环境评价中已得到了广泛应用。
关键词:无人机遥感技术;陆地生态系统;陆地生态系统监测;生态环境评价
中图分类号 S771.8文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)10-0115-05
Application of UAV Remote Sensing Technology in Land Ecosystem Monitoring and Evaluation
WANG Fei1 et al.
(1Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China)
Abstract: Terrestrial ecosystem is very important for human survival and social development. Comprehensive monitoring and evaluation of terrestrial ecosystem is the premise of solving and managing ecological problems. The traditional ground monitoring method is difficult to meet the requirements of comprehensive monitoring and evaluation because of the angle of view, and there are some problems such as low monitoring accuracy and poor timeliness in satellite remote sensing monitoring. But, the UAV is light and flexible, simple to operate, and can carry different types of remote sensing sensors to realize dynamic continuous monitoring of different types of ecosystems. Based on this, UAV remote sensing technology is widely used in forest, grassland, desert and farmland ecosystem monitoring and ecological environment evaluation.
Key words: UAV remote sensing technology; Terrestrial ecosystem; Monitoring of terrestrial ecosystems; Ecological environment assessment
陸地生态系统作为地表的重要组成部分,按照内部环境和植被特点的不同,可分为森林、草原、荒漠以及农田4类子系统,其在源源不断地向人类提供食物、用材、工业原料、药材等实物产品的同时,还以生态服务的形式在极大程度地改善了人类赖以生存的地球生态环境,如调节气候、保持水土、固碳释氧、维护生物多样性等[1]。做好陆地生态系统的监测与评价工作,对于了解生态系统的资源现状、结构、功能以及存在的问题等具有重要的意义,可为生态系统的管理、政策制定及生态环境的治理提供可靠的依据[2]。
传统的监测方法大多是通过人工外业的形式进行实地测量,由于受视角及地形环境的限制等,监测结果往往不理想,且耗时耗力。……
