白双宇 韩改英 冯颖 刘小粉 石温慧 温晓兰

摘 要：为了合理利用冬闲田培肥土壤，开展了箭筈豌豆、毛叶苕子豆科绿肥农艺性状对比试验，比较不同地区、不同绿肥及不同播期绿肥的株高、根长、地上部鲜重和干重、根部干重和鲜重等农艺性状。结果表明：秋播时成安毛叶苕子、箭筈豌豆农艺性状表现均优于肥乡;成安地区毛叶苕子农艺性状优于箭筈豌豆，而肥乡地区箭筈豌豆略优于毛叶苕子;成安地区秋播优于春播，但秋播不能顺利越冬时应来年春季补种，以还田培肥土壤。

关键词：邯郸地区;毛叶苕子;箭筈豌豆

中图分类号 S142+.1文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）10-0052-03

Evaluation of Agronomic Characters of Legume Green Manure in Handan Area

BAI Shuangyu1，2 et al.

（1Hebei University of Engineering， Handan 056000， China; 2Ningxia University， Yinchuan 750021， China）

Abstract： In order to make use of winter fallow field to improve soil fertility， the experiment comparatively analyzed the agronomic characters of Vicia sativa and Vicia villosa in the Handan area.According to the agronomic characters of green manure， such as plant height， root length， aboveground fresh weight and dry weight， root dry weight and fresh weight between different areas， different green manure and different sowing dates， the results indicated： the agronomic characters of Vicia villosa and Vicia sagittata in Cheng′an county were better than those in Feixiang county during autumn sowing; The agronomic characters of Vicia villosa were better than those of Vicia sagittata in Chengan county， while those of Vicia sagittata were slightly better than Vicia villosa in Feixiang county; compared with those of spring sowing， the agronomic characters of the autumn sowing were better.To emphasize， if green manures can not survive the winter smoothly in autumn sowing， we should replanted green manure in the next spring in order to fertilize the soil.

Key words： Handan area; Vicia villosa; Vicia sagittata

綠肥是一种生物肥源，也是发展生态农业的重要组成部分。种植绿肥对于改善土壤有着重要作用，若利用农闲田种植发展豆科绿肥，经济将效益十分可观[1]。近年来，绿肥种植越来越被人们所重视，有关研究也相继展开[2-3]。杨振彪[4]等研究并指出了河北省5种主要绿肥种植利用方式和7个绿肥利用种植区，其中邯郸地区属于燕山山麓平原绿肥种植区。不同的绿肥品种具有不同的生长特性和养分积累规律[5-6]，杨滨娟[7]等研究表明，水稻产量各构成要素与土壤养分之间的关系极为密切，稻田冬种绿肥有利于增加水稻产量和改善土壤肥力。我国北方冬季气温较低，土壤肥力也较低，盐渍化严重，常使用耐寒、耐盐碱的绿肥品种，如毛叶苕子、二月兰、紫花苜蓿等[8-9]。豆科绿肥作为节能固氮的代表，在北方地区具有一定的适宜性，对于节能减排和发展低碳农业具有重要意义[10-12]。……