摘除田间不适用鲜烟叶对烤烟影响的研究进展
2021-06-17冯翔
冯翔
摘 要:目的:明确田间摘除不适用鲜烟叶这一技术对烤烟的影响,以期为该项技术的应用提供理论依据。方法:根据目前已有的研究,分析了不同处置方法对烤烟的理化性状、经济效益和评吸性状等方面的影响。结果:现有的研究仅是针对理化性状、经济效益或评吸质量中的一种,提出最佳的处置方式,并且由于实验条件不同而无法得出统一的结果,为生产提供标准的操作指南。结论:今后的研究方向应为寻找使各类指标都较理想的田间不适宜鲜烟叶的处置方法,并且分不同自然条件或栽培品种提出适宜方案。
关键词:田间不适用鲜烟叶;处置方法;理化性状;经济效益;评吸性状
中图分类号 S572文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)10-0049-04
The Effect of Removing Unsuitable Fresh Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco
FENG Xiang
(Hanzhong Tobacco Company Lueyang County Branch, Hanzhong 724300, China)
Abstract: Objective: This research is for clarifying the effect of the technology in field inapplicable fresh tobacco leaves on flue-cured tobacco, and providing scientific theoretical basis and technical support for the technology. Method: Based on the existing studies, the effects of different treatment methods on the physical and chemical properties, economic benefits and smoking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed. Results: The existing studies only put forward the best disposal method for physical and chemical properties, economic benefits or smoking traits, and the results could not get unified because of different experimental conditions, resulting in no standard operating guidelines for production. Conclusion: In the further study, the research direction should focus on finding the disposal methods that fit all ideal indexes and suitable for the field inapplicability and fresh tobacco leaves and putting forward appropriates disposal method according to different natural conditions or cultivated varieties.
Key words: The field inapplicable fresh tobacco leaves; Disposal methods; physical and chemical traits; Economic benefits; Smoking traits
不適用烟叶通常是指不适用卷烟工业生产的烟叶,多因缺少光照、发育不良、叶片过熟、长度过短、病斑过多等原因而造成其烤后质量差或无烘烤价值[1]。通过在田间处理和消化不适用鲜烟叶,可达到优化田间群体空间资源配置及烟株生长发育条件的目的,是促进烟叶质量提升、增强卷烟原料供给能力、缓解工业库存压力的有效的技术手段[2]。但由于肥水条件、栽培品种、生产技术及大田管理等方面的差异,不同烟区对于优化不适宜烟叶的时机及叶片数量标准存在较大的差异。现有技术流程主要依据生产经验总结而来,缺乏系统、科学的理论支持[3],无法形成广泛适用的操作标准。本文基于已有的研究,综述并分析了摘除田间不适用烟叶对烤烟理化性状、经济效益和评吸性状等的影响,以期为生产上优化烟叶结构配套技术提供理论依据。……
