白荣辉

摘 要：选取适宜福建漳州市栽培的甬优2640、隆晶优华占、隆晶优534、广8优粤禾丝苗、恒丰优粤合丝苗、荃优822、甬优12、甬优1540等8个水稻品种为材料，采用单因素田间试验，研究稻谷对土壤中镉（Cd）富集特性。结果表明：8种水稻品种对土壤中镉的富集特性有所差异，甬优2640、隆晶优华占、隆晶优534、广8优粤禾丝苗、恒丰优粤合丝苗、荃优822、甬优12、甬优1540稻谷中镉的含量分别为0.181、0.493、0.468、0.339、0.683、0.141、0.063和0.102 mg·kg-1;甬优2640、隆晶优华占，隆晶优534、广8优粤禾丝苗、恒丰优粤合丝苗、 荃优822、甬优12、甬优1540稻谷对土壤中总镉和有效态镉的富集系数分别为125.5%和317.0%、342.1%和864.3%、325.0%和821.1%、235.4%和594.8%、473.8%和1197.1%、98.2%和248.0%、43.5%和109.9%、70.8%和179.0%。综上认为，甬优12可适宜在漳州市受镉轻度污染（土壤中镉总量<0.45 mg·kg-1）安全利用类的水田种植;而种植其他的7个水稻品种，稻谷镉含量是否超标还需进一步验证。

关键词：水稻品种;稻谷;镉;富集特性

中图分类号：S 511 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）03-0028-04

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.03.006

Abstract： The eight rice varieties， including Yongyou 2640， Longjingyou huazan， Longjingyou 534， Guang 8 youyuehe silk seedling， Hengfeng youyuehe silk seedling， Quanyou 822， Yongyou 12 and Yongyou 1540， which were suitable for cultivation in Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province， were selected as the materials to study the enrichment characteristics for cadmium （Cd） in soil of rice through the single factor field experiment. The results showed that： the enrichment characteristics for cadmium in soil were different among the eight rice varieties. The content of Cd in Yongyou 2640， Longjingyou huazan， Longjingyou 534， Guang 8 youyuehe silk seedling， Hengfeng youyuehe silk seedling， Quanyou 822， Yongyou 12 and Yongyou 1540 were 0.181， 0.493， 0.468， 0.339， 0.683， 0.141， 0.063 and 0.102 mg·kg-1， respectively. The Enrichment coefficiens for the total Cd and available Cd in soil of Yongyou 2640， Longjingyou huazan， Longjingyou 534， Guang 8 youyuehe silk seedling， Hengfeng youyuehe silk seedling， Quanyou 822， Yongyou 12 and Yongyou 1540 were 125.5% and 317.0%， 342.1% and 864.3%， 325.0% and 821.1%， 235.4% and 594.8%， 473.8% and 1197.1%， 98.2% and 248.0， 43.5% and

109.9%， 70.8% and 179.0%， respectively. In conclusion， Yongyou 12 was suitable to be planted in the paddy field of safe utilization which was slightly polluted by Cd （total Cd in soil<0.45 mg·kg-1） in Zhangzhou. However， for the other 7 rice varieties planted， whether the cadmium content in rice exceeded the standard still needed to be further verified.

Key words： Rice variety; Rice; Cadmium; Enrichment characteristics

隨着我国工业化进程的加速和社会经济的发展及化肥、农药等农业投入品大量施用，污水、污泥农用造成农田土壤重金属污染日趋严峻，严重影响稻米品质和食品安全。研究表明，镉侵入人体会对肺 、肾 、肝、免疫系统和生殖器官等产生一系列损伤[1]，举世震惊的日本“痛痛病”即由镉污染引起。福建漳州是首批全国农业绿色发展先行区，水稻是漳州主要的粮食作物。推行种植镉低富集水稻品种，是镉污染水田实施安全利用、确保水稻粮食作物安全生产的重要措施之一。迄今，虽然对耕地土壤中镉的富集特性及镉低富集水稻品种的筛选已有一些研究[2-11]，但水稻品种繁多并有适于栽培区域的极限性，现有多数镉低富集水稻品种并不适宜福建漳州区域种植。……