申健 刘德江 丛慧颖 李淑贤

摘要 為了明确木醋喷施对稗草植株生长及细胞膜透性的影响，采用土培盆栽法，用不同浓度木醋喷施植株，以清水作对照，通过调查死亡率、株高、鲜重、根长、叶绿素含量、相对电导率、丙二醛含量等，探究其是否有作为生物源除草剂的可能。结果表明，随着木醋浓度的升高，稗草死亡率逐渐增高，原液处理死亡率100%;对稗草株高的抑制作用逐渐增大，稀释10倍处理株高最矮，比对照矮5.2 cm;木醋对稗草根长和鲜重产生了明显的抑制作用，但不同浓度处理对根长和鲜重的抑制效果差异不显著;叶绿素含量和相对电导率100倍处理与对照差异不显著，其余各处理与对照差异显著;喷施木醋各处理丙二醛含量均显著高于对照组，稀释10倍处理丙二醛含量最高，比对照提高了324.0%。由此可见，高浓度木醋喷施对稗草植株的生长产生了明显的抑制作用，使细胞膜受到损伤，其有作为生物源除草剂的开发潜力。使用浓度范围为稀释50倍到原液。

关键词 木醋;稗草;植株生长;细胞膜透性

中图分类号 S451.2文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）10-0131-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.10.035

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effect of Wood Vinegar Spraying on Plant Growth and Cell Membrane Permeability of Echinochloa crusgalli

SHEN Jian， LIU De-jiang， CONG Hui-yingetal （China-Ukraine Agriculture & Forestry Technology Development and Application International Cooperation Joint Lab， Life Sciences College， Jiamusi University， Jiamusi， Heilongjiang154007）

Abstract In order to define the effect of wood vinegar spraying on the plant growth and cell membrane permeability of Echinochloa crusgalli， using soil culture and potted plant method， the plants were sprayed with wood vinegar with different concentrations， and water was used as control.Through investigating the death rate， plant height， fresh weight， root length， chlorophyll content， relative electrical conductivity， malondialdehyde content， the possibility of using wood vinegar as biological herbicide was explored.The results showed that with the increase of concentration of wood vinegar， the death rate of Echinochloa crusgalli was gradually increased， and the death rate of original solution treatment was 100%.The inhibitory effect on the plant height of Echinochloa crusgalli increased gradually.The plant height of 10× treatment was the shortest， which was 5.2 cm shorter than that of control.Wood vinegar had obvious inhibitory effect on root length and fresh weight of Echinochloa crusgalli.However， there was no significant difference in the inhibition effect of different concentrations on root length and fresh weight.The content of chlorophyll and relative conductivity of 100× were not significantly different from the control， while the other treatments were significantly different from the control.The content of malondialdehyde in each treatment was significantly higher than that in the control， and the content of malondialdehyde in the treatment of 10× was the highest， which was 324.0% higher than that in the control group.Therefore， it can be concluded that high concentration wood vinegar spraying has an obvious inhibitory effect on the plant growth of Echinochloa crusgalli， and it damages the cell membrane.It has the potential to be used as a biological source herbicide.Using concentration range was from 50x to the original solution.

Key words Wood vinegar;Echinochloa crusgalli;Plant growth;Cell membrane permeability

稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli）为禾本科一年生杂草，是世界十大恶性杂草之一。它与水稻的伴生性强，很难清除，是水稻田危害最严重的杂草，也是大豆、玉米、小麦等旱作物田的主要杂草，在农业生产中危害较严重[1]。使用化学除草剂防除稗草，不仅会造成环境污染，长期使用还会使稗草产生抗药性。为了解决抗药性和对环境的污染问题，发展生物源除草剂，用其替代和减少化学除草剂的使用，是有效控制杂草危害、保证农作物稳产高产、保障食品安全和社会稳定的重要物质基础[2]。……