梁瑞萍 张仙保 李秀华 王亮明 徐海波 乌兰

摘要 包头市固阳县近年来由于品种结构不合理、倒茬轮作不到位导致各种病害加剧，种植面积锐减。该试验从多地引入中早熟、中晚熟和晚熟3种熟期共计10个马铃薯品种，并对这些品种的适宜性进行评价，从而筛选出优质高产新品种。结果表明，中早熟品种“中薯5号”和“兴佳2号”产量高、商品性好，可推广种植;中晚熟组“希森6号”经济性状表现突出，可做薯条加工品种，“华颂7号”用途广泛、品质好、产量较高，可尝试推广种植。

关键词 马铃薯;新品种;引进;适宜性评价

中图分类号 S532文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）10-0059-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.10.016

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Introduction and Suitability Evaluation of New Potato Varieties in Guyang County of Baotou City

LIANG Rui-ping，ZHANG Xian-bao，LI Xiu-hua et al

（Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences in Baotou，Baotou， Inner Mongolia 014013）

Abstract In recent years，due to the unreasonable varieties structure and inadequate crop rotation，various diseases have intensified，the planting area of potato decreased sharply.In this experiment，10 potato varieties were introduced from many places，including middle early maturing，middle late maturing and late maturing，so as to evaluate the suitability of these varieties and screen new varieties with high quality and high yield. The results showed that Zhongshu 5 and Xingjia 2 had high yield and good marketability，which could be widely planted;the economic characters of Xisen 6 in the middle late maturing group were outstanding，it can be used as processing variety of French fries，Huasong 7 has a wide range of uses，good quality and high yield，so it could be planted tentatively.

Key words Potato;New variety;Introduction;Suitability evaluation

2015年，原農业部正式提出马铃薯主粮化战略，推进把马铃薯加工成馒头、面条、米粉等主食，马铃薯将成为稻米、小麦、玉米外又一主粮[1-3]。同时，包头市固阳县的马铃薯主产区也是国家“镰刀湾”调减玉米的重点地区，促进马铃薯产业持续健康快速发展对“镰刀湾”地区种植结构调整和脱贫攻坚具有十分重要的意义。内蒙古自治区包头市的固阳县位于阴山北麓地区，由于独特的自然地理环境形成了昼夜温差大、气候冷凉的气候特点，是内蒙古乃至我国重要的优质种薯和商品薯基地。但近2年来，由于品种结构不合理，各种病害日趋严重[4-7]，种植效益降低，种植面积锐减。鉴于此，笔者从国内各地引进马铃薯品种共计10个，旨在筛选出适宜当地种植的优质、高产马铃薯新品种，促进包头市马铃薯产业持续健康快速发展。……