曾茹 李亚军 何金曼 黄晓晴 邓晓东

摘要 [目的]了解清瀾港近岸海湾浮游植物的群落结构特征和水质环境因子之间的关系。[方法]于2019年4月和9月对清澜港近岸海湾12个站位的浮游植物进行网采取样调查。[结果]春季记录浮游植物共40属76种，秋季共鉴定出浮游植物35属62种，其中硅藻门和甲藻门种类组成占优势，主要优势种有中肋骨条藻和热带骨条藻。春季多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数平均分别为2.14、0.53、1.65;秋季多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数平均分别为1.71、0.45、1.12。典型冗余RDA分析结果显示，春季水温、COD、氨氮和总磷是影响浮游植物群落组成的最主要因素;而秋季盐度、电导率和pH对浮游植物的群落结构影响最大，水质方面，氨氮、总氮和总磷是浮游植物的显著影响因子。[结论]该研究为流域内的水生生物资源利用和水环境管理提供参考。

关键词 清澜港;浮游植物;群落结构;环境因子;典型冗余分析

中图分类号 Q948.8文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）10-0077-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.10.021

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Coastal Bay of Qinglan Port in Spring and Autumn and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

ZENG Ru，LI Ya-jun，HE Jin-man et al （Institute of Tropical Biotechnology，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources Research and Utilization，Haikou，Hainan 571101）

Abstract [Objective]To understand the relationship between the community structure characteristics of phytoplankton and the water quality environmental factors in the coastal bay of Qinglan Port.[Method]This study conducted a sampling survey of phytoplankton at 12 stations in the coastal bay of Qinglan Port in April and September 2019.[Result]A total number of 76 species belonging to 40 genera in spring and that a total number of 62 species belonging to 35 genera in autumn，in which diatoms and dinoflagellates were predominant in the species composition and the cell abundance.The dominant species were Skeletonema costatum and Skeletonema tropicum.The average Shannon-Wiener diversity index，Pielou evenness index and Margalef diversity index were 2.14，0.53，1.65 in spring，respectively.And the average Shannon-Wiener diversity index，Pielou evenness index and Margalef diversity index were 1.71，0.45，1.12 in autumn，respectively.The results of RDA analysis showed that water temperature，COD，the content of ammonia nitrogent and total phosphorus content were the most important factors affecting the composition of phytoplankton community in spring，while salinity，electronic conductivity and pH had the greatest impact on phytoplankton community structure in autumn.Which in terms of water quality，the content of ammonia nitrogent，total nitrogent content and total phosphorus content were significant influencing factors of phytoplankton community structure in autumn.[Conclusion]This study provides reference for the utilization of aquatic biological resources and water environment management in the basin.

Key words Qinglan Port;Phytoplankton;Community structure;Environmental factors;RDA

浮游植物（Phytoplankton）作为水域生态系统的主要初级生产者，对水域生态系统的能量流动、物质循环以及维持生态系统的平衡具有极重要的作用[1]。据报道，浮游植物可以有效地反映水体水质的状况，具有指示环境的作用，与水域生态系统的环境变化密切相关[2]。浮游植物的群落组成能够快速且灵敏地反映水域生态系统环境的变化，同时，生态系统中水域环境的变化也会反过来导致浮游植物的群落组成和时空分布发生改变[3]。……