黄桂平

摘要 以不同来源的杏鲍菇菌渣为原料栽培草菇，比较其菌丝生长情况、满床时间、现蕾时间、采收时间、蛋形期子实体的形态特征以及产量，同时检测供试配方的矿质元素，重金属Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr等含量，研究其对草菇生产的影响。结果表明，利用不同来源的杏鲍菇菌渣栽培草菇，尽管配方的辅料、发酵处理方法、出菇管理等处理措施相同，但最终的草菇农艺性状、营养品质、矿质元素含量等均存在一定差异。杏鲍菇菌渣用于栽培草菇可以获得较高的产量和效益，但需注意不同来源杏鲍菇中的玉米芯含量对草菇栽培的影响。

关键词 杏鲍菇菌渣;草菇;配方;品质;重金属

中图分类号 S646.1+3文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）10-0050-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.10.013

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Experiment on Cultivating Volvariella volvacea with Different Pleurotus eryngii Residue

HUANG Gui-ping （Changtai County Agricultural and Rural Bureau，Changtai，Fujian 363005）

Abstract Differen Pleurotus eryngii residues were used as raw materials to cultivate Volvariella volvacea，its mycelial growth，bed-full time，budding time，harvest time，morphological characteristics and yield were compared，and the content of mineral elements in the formula，heavy metals such as Pb，Cd，As，Hg，Cr were detected to study its influence on the production of Volvariella volvacea. The results showed that using differen Pleurotus eryngii residues to cultivate Volvariella volvacea，its cultivation performance was different，although the formulas auxiliary materials，fermentation treatment methods，and fruiting management were the same. Pleurotus eryngii residue could be used to cultivate Volvariella volvacea to obtain higher yields and benefits，however，attention should be paid to the influence of corncob content in Pleurotus eryngii from different sources on the cultivation of Volvariella volvacea.

Key words Pleurotus eryngii residues;Volvariella volvacea;Formula;Quality;Heavy metal

草菇（Volvariella volvacea （Bull.ex Fr.） Sing.），又名蘭花菇、中国菇等，是一种热带和亚热带广泛栽培的高温型食用菌[1]。分类学上属于担子菌亚门，层菌纲，无隔担子，伞菌目，鹅膏菌科，草菇属[2-3]。草菇人工栽培在200多年前由广东省南华寺僧人所创，由于其肉质鲜美，口感脆嫩，营养价值高，深受消费者喜爱，也是僧人重要的蛋白质来源。目前栽培的菇类大部分为中低温品种，而草菇属于少有的高温菌类，在夏季出菇，可以较好地弥补高温季节市场上食用菌品种短缺的问题[4]。漳州是草菇的传统栽培主产区[5]。近年来随着食用菌工厂化生产及其菌渣废料日益增多，草菇种植技术的发展以及对环保的日益重视，越来越多的食用菌菌渣用于草菇栽培，如海鲜菇菌渣[6]、金针菇菌渣[7]、杏鲍菇菌渣[8-10]等。……