玉米自交系对大斑病的抗性鉴定
2021-06-15王慧慧马湛张文忠芦明申海斌
王慧慧 马湛 张文忠 芦明 申海斌



摘要 [目的]为了筛选抗大斑病种质资源,为选育抗病玉米品种提供基础材料。[方法]2018—2019年用人工接种和自然发病2种方法对64份玉米自交系进行大斑病抗性鉴定,以最高级别进行综合评价。[结果]共筛选出高抗自交系15份(23.44%),抗病自交系14份(21.88%),中抗材料21份(32.81%);自选的41份自交系中80.49%为抗性材料;所有材料中,中抗材料所占比例最大。[结论]气候和品种是影响大斑病发生的主要因素,只有经过更严格的筛选,才能选育抗大斑病理想材料。
关键词 玉米自交系;大斑病;抗性
中图分类号 S513文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2021)10-0039-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.10.010
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Resistance of Corn Inbred Lines to Northern Leaf Blight
WANG Hui-hui1,MA Zhan2,ZHANG Wen-zhong1 et al
(1. Millet Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Changzhi,Shanxi 046011;2.Changzhi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Changzhi,Shanxi 046000)
Abstract [Objective]To select materials of resistance to northern leaf blight. [Method] 64 corn inbred lines were used to identify by artificial inoculation and natural field conditions in 2018 and 2019. The results were evaluated at the highest classification. [Result]15 inbred lines were HR to NLB for 23.44%, 14 inbred lines were R to NLB for 21.88%, 21 inbred lines were MR to NLB for 32.81%. There were 80.49% resistant inbred lines in 41 self-selection inbred lines. The proportion of R inbred lines to NLB was the largest among all materials. [Conclusion] Climate and variety were important influence factors to northern leaf blight. The resistance materials to northern leaf blight should be selected more strictly.
Key words Corn inbred line;Northern leaf blight;Resistance
玉米大斑病是玉米主要的病害之一,近年来在全国各玉米主产区,尤其在冷凉湿润地区普遍发生。玉米大斑病是由大斑凸脐蠕孢菌引起的真菌性病害,主要危害玉米叶部。大斑病的发生会导致玉米减产,严重时可减产30%~50%,甚至绝产,亦严重影响玉米品质,给玉米生产造成了极大的经济损失[1-3]。我国国内大斑病菌生理小种分化监测工作从20世纪70年代开始,最初只有0小种,目前根据各地学者对玉米大斑病菌生理小种分化的研究,16个生理小种已均有报道[4-7]。由于大斑病菌生理小种数量多且变异复杂多样,玉米大斑病的发生呈加重的趋势,培育抗病品种是预防其发生的最根本方法,而筛选抗病种质资源则是基础。
为了丰富抗大斑病玉米种质资源,各地研究人员开展了抗大斑病玉米自交系筛选鉴定工作。……
