程福安

【摘要】 目的：探討呼吸道感染患儿血清中肺炎衣原体IgM抗体检验及流行病学特征。方法：选取2019年10月-2020年7月因呼吸道感染来本院接受治疗的1 481例患儿为研究对象。采用化学发光法检测所有患儿血清肺炎衣原体IgM抗体，分析并比较不同性别、发病季节以及不同年龄段患儿肺炎衣原体IgM抗体阳性检出情况。结果：1 481例患儿，MP-IgM检测阳性率为7.3%（108/1 481），女性患儿阳性率高于男性患儿（P<0.05）;夏、秋、冬三季MP-IgM检测阳性率均高于春季（P<0.05），而夏、秋、冬三季MP-IgM检测阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;1岁及以上患儿MP-IgM阳性检出率高于<1岁患儿（P<0.05），且随着患儿年龄增加其MP-IgM阳性检出率呈递增趋势。结论：该地区呼吸道感染患儿中，其血清中肺炎衣原体IgM检测阳性率与患儿年龄、发病季节以及性别等均具有相关性。临床医师可依据该地区呼吸道感染病原体的流行趋势，并结合患儿的具体临床表现选取合理、有效的辅助检查方案，以便对患儿病情进行准确评估，并能够对临床用药情况进行合理指导，促进患儿病情恢复。

【关键词】 呼吸道感染 肺炎衣原体 IgM抗体检验 流行病学特征

Epidemiological Characteristics and Detection Value of Chlamydia Pneumoniae IgM Antibody Test in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection/CHENG Fuan. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（12）： 0-096

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the detection and the epidemiological characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibody in children with respiratory tract infection. Method： From October 2019 to July 2020， 1 481 children who came to our hospital for treatment due to respiratory infections were selected as the research objects. Chemiluminescent immunoassay was used to detect serum Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibodies in all children， and the positive detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibodies in different genders， onset seasons and different age groups was analyzed and compared. Result： Among 1 481 children， the positive rate of MP-IgM was 7.3% （108/1 481）， and the positive rate of female children was higher than that of males children （P<0.05）. The positive rate of MP-IgM in summer， autumn and winter were higher than those in spring （P<0.05）， while there was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of MP-IgM among summer， autumn and winter （P>0.05）. The positive detection rate of MP-IgM in children ≥1 year old was higher than that in children <1 year old （P<0.05）， and the positive detection rate of MP-IgM showed an increasing trend with the increase of the childrens age. Conclusion： In children with respiratory tract infection in this area， the positive detection rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM in the serum is related to the age， season of onset， and gender of the children. Clinicians can select reasonable and effective auxiliary examination programs based on the prevalence of pathogens of respiratory tract infections in the region， combined with the specific clinical manifestations of the children， so as to accurately assess the conditions of the children and provide reasonable guidance on the clinical use of drugs to promote the childrens condition recovered.

[Key words] Respiratory tract infection Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibody test Epidemiological characteristics

First-authors address： Yunfu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital， Yunfu 527300， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.12.022

臨床中，呼吸道感染是儿童中较为常见且普遍的疾病类型，非典型病原体在诱发呼吸道感染的病原体中占据至关重要的地位[1]。非典型病原体主要包含肺炎衣原体、肺炎支原体（MP）、军团菌以及呼吸道病毒等，上述非典型病原体既不能借助革兰染色发现，也不能借助常规的细菌培养基培养，因此，不利于及时发现并进行有效确诊，导致出现延误治疗及抗生素滥用等情况[2-3]。呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测具有操作简单、灵敏度较高以及检测成本较低等特点，是对呼吸道感染患儿进行临床检测的重要方法。儿童呼吸道病原体感染的情况较为复杂，并会受各地区气候差异、季节以及患儿年龄差异等的影响[4]。因此，本研究通过对呼吸道感染患儿进行血清IgM检测，从而对其流行病学特征进行有效分析，以便为儿童呼吸道感染疾病的预防、诊断及治疗提供科学性的参考依据。现报道如下。

1 资料与方法