张洋洋 凡莉莉 黄霞 熊婷婷 荣俊冬 李士坤 郑郁善

摘  要：為了解毛竹林带状采伐后采取垦复施肥经营方式对竹林快速更新恢复的效果，筛选最优组合模式，为毛竹林采伐更新恢复过程中高效培育提供理论依据。本研究以福建省漳平市毛竹林地为研究对象，设置8 m采伐宽度，采用竹蔸施肥（A）、垦复方式（B）和施肥比例（C）3因素3水平L₉（3⁴）正交试验设计，探讨带状采伐下毛竹林垦复施肥对出笋数、立竹数以及土壤氮、磷、钾养分含量的影响，分析新竹生长及土壤养分的相关关系。结果表明：3个因素对毛竹出笋数和立竹数重要性顺序相同，均为B>C>A，但对土壤不同养分指标表现不同，其中B因素为首要因素且占较大比例;相关性分析表明，出笋数、立竹数均与土壤全磷、全钾、速效钾呈显著正相关（P<0.05），出笋数与立竹数、立竹数与土壤速效钾均呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。综合考虑毛竹林带状采伐后林地迹地更新效果，最优的垦复施肥组合为A₃B₂C₃，即用竹篼施肥2（200 g/竹篼），垦复方式为带状深翻，氮、磷、钾配比为17∶8∶5。

关键词：毛竹林;带状采伐;垦复施肥;土壤养分中图分类号：S751+.5      文献标识码：A

Effects of Eclamation and Fertilization on Growth and Soil Nutrient Content after Strip Clear Cutting in Phyllostachys Edulis Forests

ZHANG Yangyang¹， FAN Lili¹， HUANG Xia¹， XIONG Tingting¹， RONG Jundong¹， LI Shikun²， ZHENG Yushan^1*

1. College of Forestry， Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou， Fujian 350002， China; 2. Zhangping Forestry Bureau， Zhangping， Fujian 364400， China

Abstract： In order to understand the effect of reclaiming and fertilizing management method on the rapid regeneration of bamboo forest after strip clear cutting ofPhyllostachys edulisforest， the optimal combination model was screened to provide a theoretical basis for efficient cultivation in the process of regeneration and restoration ofP .edulisforest.In this study， taking thePhyllostachys edulis forest in Zhangping City， Fujian Province as the research object.， set 8 m strip clear cutting widths，and using applying fertilizer to the base of bamboo （A）， the reclamation method （B） and ratio of fertilizatio （C） 3 factors 3 levels L₉（3⁴） orthogonal test Design，to explore the effects of reforestation and fertilization ofP. edulisforest on Shoot yield， Stand density index， and soil nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium nutrient content， and to analyze the relationship between the growth of new bamboo and soil nutrients. The results show that the three factors have the same order of importance on bamboo shoot output and stand bamboo degree， all of which are B>C>A， but they have different performances on different nutrient indicators of the soil， of which factor B is the most important factor; correlation analysis The results showed that the shoot output and stand bamboo degree were significantly positively correlated with soil total phosphorus， total potassium， and available potassium （P<0.05）， and the shoot output was significantly correlated with stand bamboo degree and stand bamboo degree， and soil available potassium （P<0.01）. Considering comprehensively the effect of reforestation of bamboo land after strip felling， the optimal combination of reclamation and fertilization is A₃B₂C₃， that is， bamboo fertilization 2（200 g/base of bamboo）， the reclamati on method is deep stripping， and the ratio of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium is 17： 8： 5.

Keywords： Phyllostachys edulis forest; strip clear cutting; eclamation and fertilization; soil nutrient

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.04.020

毛竹（Phyllostachys edulisJ. Houzeau）为禾本科（Gramineae）竹亚科（Bambusoideae）刚竹属（Phyllostachys）多年生乔木状单轴散生竹种^[1]，我国毛竹林面积约450万hm²，占全国竹林总面积的75%^[2]，广泛分布于浙江、安徽、江西、湖南和福建等省份^[3]。毛竹具有生长迅速、成材较早、产量较高、用途广等特点^[4]。近年来，竹产业发展面临新的挑战，存在经营方式粗放，竹材运输成本高，市场无序竞争等问题，限制了其进一步发展^[5]。毛竹林集约经营水平虽有提高，但竹子越砍越小，产量逐年下降，毛竹采伐既是生产作业，又是抚育作业，是保证毛竹林优质高产、实现永续利用的要素之一，是更新的基础。因此，采……