张瀚 李洪立 李晗 陈奇 孙会举 杨福孙

摘  要：作物的生物量與产量的形成密切相关，建立生物量预测模型可实时分析植株的生长情况，有利于进行科学管理、合理施肥。本试验通过测定3个品种火龙果3个不同时期的部分形态指标对火龙果的生物量进行拟合。结果表明：火龙果植株结果枝的干物质积累量与其叶肉的长、宽、厚等指标显著相关，其预测模型为W（结果枝干重）= –43.5430+ 0.7100×叶肉长+0.5919×叶肉宽+2.7955×叶肉厚，验证系数R=0.8760;火龙果花的干物质积累量与花长、基部直径等指标密切相关，其预测模型为W（花干重）=–14.8919+0.4499×花长+4.5402×基部直径，验证系数R=0.8815;果的干物质积累量与果横径、横纵比显著相关，其预测模型为W（果干重）=–35.7435+16.3456×果横径–62.6395×横纵比，验证系数R=0.8782;地上部的干物质的积累量与分枝数、主茎的叶肉厚、节点个数、髓部直径、髓部厚度等指标显著相关，其预测模型为W（地上部干重）=0.058707+0.1337955×分枝数+0.0153781×主茎叶肉厚–0.041053×节点个数–0.083695×髓部直径+0.2397029×髓壁厚度，验证系数R=0.8864。本研究通过对红心火龙果植株的多个形态指标进行观测分析，建立红心火龙果生物量预测模型，可以对火龙果植株结果枝、花、果以及地上部分的生物量进行估算，具有一定的应用价值。

关键词：火龙果;结果枝;拟合模型

中图分类号：S667      文献标识码：A

Mathematical Model of Biomass Prediction of Hylocereus undatus Britt.

ZHANG Han1， LI Hongli2， LI Han1， CHEN Qi1， SUN Huiju1， YANG Fusun1*

1. College of Tropical Crops， Hainan University， Haikou， Hainan 570228， China; 2. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China

Abstract： The biomass of crops is closely related to the formation of yield. The establishment of a biomass prediction model can analyze the growth of plants in real time， which is conducive to scientific management and reasonable fertilization. In this experiment， the biomass of pitaya was fitted by measuring some morphological indicators of three varieties of pitaya in three different periods. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of the fruit branches of the pitaya and the length， width and thickness of their leaf flesh significant correlation， the prediction model was W （resulting branch） = –43.5430+0.7100×leaf flesh length+0.5919×leaf flesh width+2.7955×leaf flesh thickness， the verification coefficient R is equal to 0.8760. The dry matter accumulation of pitaya flowers was closely related to indicators such as flower length and base diameter. Its prediction model was W （flower） = –14.8919+0.4499×flower length+4.5402×base diameter， and the verification coefficient R was equal to 0.8815. The dry matter accumulation of fruit was significantly related to the fruit diameter and aspect ratio. The prediction model was W （fruit） = –35.7435+16.3456×fruit diameter–62.6395×aspect ratio， and the verification coefficient R was equal to 0.8782. The accumulation of dry matter above the ground was significantly related to the number of branches， leaf thickness of the main stem， the number of nodes， the diameter of the pith， and the thickness of the pith. The prediction model was W （above ground）=0.058707+0.1337955×min number of branches+0.0153781×thickness of main stem leaf–0.041053 ×number of nodes–0.083695×diameter of xylem tube+0.2397029×tube wall thickness， verification coefficient R was 0.8864. In this paper， through the observation and analysis of multiple morphological indicators of red meat pitaya， an empirical model of red meat pitaya biomass prediction is established， which could estimate the biomass of fruit branches， flowers， fruits and aerial parts of pitaya plants， and has certain application value.

Keywords： pitaya; fruiting branch; fitting model

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.04.016

生物量是植物在单位时间内的物质生产量，是植物群落和生态系统的重要数量特征，预测植株的生物量的多少是研究生态系统物质循环和能量流动的基础，有助于研究植株的物质循环能力、有机物的消耗、分配、转化、积累规律等，是评价植物生理结构与功能的重要指标[1-3]。……