杨舒媛 张黎黎 许燕琳 王硕 李子君

摘 要：土壤有机质是土壤肥力的重要指標。为分析祊河流域土地利用方式对土壤有机质的影响，选取林地、草地、耕地和园地4种土地利用方式，通过野外调查采样和室内试验分析相结合，采用单因素方差分析法进行土壤有机质含量的差异显著性检验，利用克里格插值法研究土壤有机质的空间分布特征。结果表明，（1）祊河流域林地、草地、耕地和园地4种土地利用方式下，0～20cm土层深度中，土壤有机质的平均含量为林地>草地>耕地>园地;0～40cm土层深度中，土壤有机质的含量随土壤深度的增加而降低;同一土层深度下土壤有机质的含量也具有一定差异。（2）祊河流域土壤有机质空间分布极不均匀，中西部和中东部土壤有机质含量多，中间地带土壤有机质含量少，北部土壤有机质含量最低，平坦地形下土地利用方式多为耕地、园地，土壤有机质含量较低;丘陵崎岖处土地利用方式多为草地、林地，土壤有机质含量较高。

关键词：土壤有机质;土地利用方式;祊河流域

中图分类号 K903文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）08-0118-04

Abstract： Soil organic matter is an important indicator of soil fertility. In order to analyze the impact of land use patterns on soil organic matter in the Benghe River Basin，four types of land use patterns were selected： woodland， grassland， arable land， and garden land， combination of field survey sampling and laboratory test analysis. The one-way analysis of variance method was used to test the significance of the difference in soil organic matter content， and the Kriging interpolation method was used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic matter. The results show， under the four land use modes of woodland， grassland， arable land and orchard in the Benghe River Basin， the average content of soil organic matter in the soil depth of 0-20 cm is forest land>grassland>arable land>orchard; in the soil depth of 0-40 cm， the content of soil organic matter decreases with the increase of soil depth; the content of soil organic matter at the same soil depth also has certain differences.（2）The spatial distribution of soil organic matter in the Benghe River Basin is extremely uneven. The central-western and central-eastern soil organic matter content is high， the middle zone soil organic matter content is low， and the northern soil organic matter content is the lowest. The land use in the hills and rugged areas is mostly grassland and woodland， with high soil organic matter content.

Key words： Soil organic matter; Land use; Benghe River Basin

土壤有机质是一种长效且稳固的碳源，以有机物形态贮存在陆地土壤中的碳约占陆地植被总贮量的3倍，是全球大气贮量的2倍。土壤有机质不仅可以为植物提供生长所需的养分，而且影响着土壤的结构、理化性质和土壤生物特征的变化[1，2]。土壤有机质是表证土壤肥力的一个重要方面，也是衡量土壤肥力的重要指标之一[3]。土地利用是人……