大豆分离蛋白对鲜切苹果保鲜效果的研究
2021-06-15李雨奇
李雨奇



摘 要:以鲜切苹果为材料,分别用10、20、30g/L大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate, SPI)浸泡处理,以蒸馏水为空白对照,探究鲜切苹果在4℃下贮藏5d期间品质指标的变化情况。结果表明:不同浓度SPI处理鲜切苹果均可缓解质量的损失,抑制硬度、可滴定酸、pH、可溶性固形物含量(soluble solids content, SSC)和维生素C含量的降低,但对鲜切苹果贮藏期间色泽的变化没有显著影响,其中10g/L SPI处理对鲜切苹果的保鲜效果最好,可保持其感官特性,延长货架期。
关键词:鲜切苹果;大豆分离蛋白;保鮮
中图分类号 TS255.36文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)08-0058-04
Abstract: In this study, fresh-cut apples were soaked by soy protein isolate (SPI) with concentration of 10, 20, 30g/L to explore the changes of quality indicators of fresh-cut apples stored at 4℃ for 5 days. And distilled water was used as a blank control. The experimental results showed that different concentrations of SPI treatment can alleviate the loss of quality, inhibit the reduction of hardness, titratable acid, pH, soluble solids content (SSC) and vitamin C content of fresh-cut apples during storage period. But SPI had no significant effect on the color difference of fresh-cut apples. The SPI treatment with concentration of 10g/L has the best preservation effect on fresh-cut apples, which can maintain its sensory quality and significantly extend the storage period.
Key words: Fresh-cut apples; Soy protein isolate; Preservation
近年来,随着人们生活质量的提高,鲜切果蔬越来越受到消费者的喜爱。鲜切果蔬也叫轻度加工果蔬,是指对新鲜果蔬进行分级、整理、清洗、去皮、切分、保鲜、包装等处理,并使产品保持生鲜状态的即食性果蔬制品[1]。但新鲜果蔬经去皮、切片等操作后,会导致果蔬免疫能力下降,易被微生物侵染[2],从而使得鲜切果蔬的新鲜度、品质乃至营养成分发生较大变化而难以保存,限制了鲜切果蔬行业的发展。因此,探索一种安全、高效的保鲜方法,有效延长鲜切果蔬货架期,对拓展鲜切果蔬市场、提升其经济效益尤为重要。
大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate, SPI)是以低温脱溶豆粕为原料,经稀碱萃取、酸沉淀、离心分离、喷雾干燥等工序加工而成的食用大豆蛋白产品[3]。SPI具有良好的成膜性、低透氧性、阻水性和较高的营养价值等特性,已经作为一种新型保鲜剂被广泛应用于果蔬保鲜领域[4]。SPI可在果实表面形成1层蛋白膜,因其良好的阻氧性和阻水性,可以降低水分子间及水和空气间的表面张力,形成稳定的乳状液,能够降低果实的呼吸及蒸腾作用,减少果蔬中营养物质的流失[5]。……
