小学快乐体操教学内容体系的构建
2021-05-31刘爱梅曲鲁平崔娇娇陈新华
刘爱梅 曲鲁平 崔娇娇 陈新华



摘 要:采用特尔菲法和层次分析法,筛选和优化小学快乐体操教学内容,旨在为小学体育教师快乐体操教学提供针对性和可操作性的教学内容,使其教学更具有效性,进而促进快乐体操的推广。研究表明:(1)依据小学快乐体操项目的R值(依赖指数)得出其开设顺序为自由体操、平衡木(女)、跳跃、单杠、蹦床和双杠(男);自由体操对学习领域目标的直接贡献(D值)与全部贡献(T值)均较大,实践中应依据学校实际教学条件、学生身心特点按顺序进行开设,选择合理的教学内容;(2)自由体操项目教学内容中对学习领域目标直接贡献(D值)与全部贡献(T值)较大的是摆倒立、屈体前滚翻,在内容筛选时应列入必选内容,课时安排应有所侧重;(3)依据体操项目教学内容筛选的结果设计小学不同学段、不同项目快乐体操教学内容、学时分配和教学方案,能为一线体育教师教学提供更具针对性和可操作性的方案,提高教学水平,促进快乐体操的推广。
关键词:快乐体操;教学内容;教学目标
中图分类号:G807 文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-2076(2021)01-0112-07
Abstract:By means of Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, the authors designed the teaching content and optimized the teaching plan of happy gymnastics in primary schools. The aim was to provide targeted and operational teaching content for the P.E. teachers, and to promote happy gymnastics. Results show that: (1) According to the R-value (dependence index) of happy gymnastics in primary school, the order of teaching was free gymnastics, balance beam (female), horizontal bar (male), trampoline, jumping, parallel bar. The direct contribution (D-value) and total contribution (T-value) of free gymnastics was bigger, so it should be based on the actual teaching conditions of the school and different students during teaching;(2)The direct contribution(D value) and the total contribution (T value) of the handstand and the forward roll for the free gymnastics
were greater, so they should be selected and be focused on; (3) We designed teaching content of different periods and sub items, class hour distribution and teaching plan for P.E. teachers, in order to improve the teaching level and promote the promotion of happy gymnastics.
Key words:happy gymnastics; teaching content; teaching aims
體操运动对学生身体形态的塑造、身体素质的提高和意志品质的培养作用是无可替代的。2014年,为转变对体操运动竞技性的认识,快快乐乐地练体操,“快乐体操”一词应运而生,旨在以“趣味、快乐、健康”元素打造现代体操的新理念[1]。快乐体操在保留体操本质属性的同时,尽量去竞技性,让学生在体验快乐、感受趣味的同时掌握技能,提升身体健康水平。……
